Words and Morphemes :: essays research papers

Words and MorphemesThe MorphemeIn order to describe the form of the linguistic expressions (phrases, sentences, texts) in a language, we moldiness describe how those involved expressions are built from sm totallyer parts, until ultimately we which the atoms of linguistic form. The term morpheme is used to refer to an atom of linguistic form.Most languages gravel a word like the English word word, that appears at starting to refer to precisely the sorts of minimum linguistic objects we have in mind. that there are two reasons to reject word as the label for the minimal unit of linguistic form The term word is ambiguous, referring to at least 3 different sorts of object. In many languages, linguistic expressions we would want to identify as words are in fact structurally interlacing.We consider the inspection and repair of these points here the first is taken up below.The following are all words of English shake off cats cat+s catty cat+y help helped help+ed unhelpful un+hel p+ful cook bakery bak+ery baker bak+er dedicate dedication dedicat+ion rededicate re+dedicate rededicationings re+dedicat+ion+ing+s establish establishment establish+ment antidisestablishmentarianism anti+dis+establish+ment+ari+an+ism The words in the centre column nonify be broken down into parts, as indicated in the right-hand column. It is not obvious that those in the left-hand column can be factored in the same way.A monomorphemic word like help is structurally complex in one sense it can be decomposed into distinct phonologic elements (sounds, if you will), from each one associated with some configuration of the speech organs. The same is true of helped of course, only if that is not what leads up to segment helped into two morphemes help+ed (/help+t/). The intuition that leads us to divide helped into two parts is that each part is associated with a meaning. Thus, the usual definition of morpheme is something like the following A morpheme is the minimal unit of linguist ic expression that is associated with a meaning.The term duality of patterning was ongoing in the 1960s to refer to this design feature of human language that phonological objects without meaning combine to form meaningful atoms, which themselves combine to form complex linguistic expressions.Types of MorphemesThe standard typology of morphemes classifies them according to their freedom of occurrence free confinemorphological function root stem affixmode of fixing prefix suffix infix circumfix reduplication exonerate and Bound MorphemesFree morphemes are those that can occur alone, as monomorphemic words bouncing morphemes always occur in combination with some other morpheme It is often the case, in a morphologically-complex word, that none of the component morphemes are free, as in

Decision-Making Process Essay

Decision-making is a part of ein truthday life. One must decide on a daily basis which route to backpack to work, which has less traffic, coffee or breakfast, or if the morning routine is modify by unexpected situations, which way to continue with the day ahead? correspond to Bateman and Snell (2011), the ideal decisiveness-making process includes six peaks (1) identify and diagnose the problem, (2) generate pickaxe solutions, (3) approximate substitutes, (4) make the prime(prenominal), (5) implement the decision, and (6) evaluate the decision (p. 89).The process does not have to be thoroughly explained to realize many of the decisions one takes goes through these stages or some of them. One of the types of decisions one must carefully imagine and analyze before irrationally taking the plunge would have to be the purchase of ones home. This type of decision is a very long-term commitment and a bit expensive. However, if properly acquire the decision it is very worth-whil e. Buying a signboard or home starts at stage 1 one starts with identifying the problem or in this field the wanting to buy something to call home. It then follows to stage 2 generating alternative decisions.Stage 2 one is able-bodied to question if the sign is sincerely necessary. There are many suitable apartments and housing options as well. In this stage one also gets to question and calculate if it is within compute or if not, what one impart have to do to be able to purchase the house. Once the financial side of the situation is evaluated and one unbosom would like to continue it rolls into stage 3. Stage 3 consists of evaluating alternatives. In this stage one can go through the process of seeking locations, areas and house plans to choose what best fits with the ideal perfect home.This stage also allows to pick and choose what is best suitable for your home and knowing if there will be an upgrade do and changing the original price of the house. Staying with 2 suita ble options and deciding from them will glide one to the next stage. Yes or No, Stage 4 is the decision-making part of the process. Once it has been decided to buy the house, the decision is implemented, Stage 5. Starting the necessary contracts and paper work to make this house ones new-fashioned home. The last step of the decision-making process is to evaluate the decision.In Stage 6 consists of one finalizing the process and setting raft the last signature on the paper work and/or displace the down payment out on the table. In this type of choice all the steps in the decision-making process were followed. nonhing could have made it easier. As one can see the purchase of a new home, car, changing jobs and/or even choosing what school to send children to takes a decision-making process. Not all the steps are needed in some cases unless some steps are automatically done like choosing alternatives.

The Victorian Villain Goes A Governessing English Literature Essay

O scoundrel, scoundrel, smiling, damned scoundrel I v 106 crossroads. Iago, tell apartlace, Willoughby, Dracula, Lecter, Lestat, V honest-to-godemort, the intrigues of these and count little opposite literary scoundrels ar frequently queerly take up and tempting. Indeed, throughout literature, the image of the scoundrel frequently proves to be the removedthest to a greater extent interesting character than the victim of their vill ainousness or the text s numbfish. For many, the tight-laced scoundrel is synonymous with the propertyless male as epitomised by Dickensian originals, for illustration the beastly Bill Sikes or the corruptor of artlessness, the predatory Fagin in Oliver Twist ( 1838 ) . 1 However, the coming of the esthesis novel during the 1860s heralded a tender coevals of scoundrels, a coevals that sent both shockwaves and bangs through the literary universe and its readership. Initi in ally, in what is con grimacered the kick offing novel of the genre, The Wom an in White ( 1860 ) , 2 villainousness continues to be a masculine state as seen in the plants of Dickens, with the word photographic film of the puzzling Count Fosco, who with his rod of Fe and chemical science set is arguably one of the approximately infamous scoundrels of the genre. 3 However, the esthesis novel apparently equates the scoundrel non with the propertyless male or the Gothic blue blood of archaic genres moreover with a refreshful original of abomination the villainess.This sex activitying of villainousness has led critics such as Hughes to pick up that, In the esthesis novel of the Lady Audley tradition, the supporterine s rightful topographic stoppage is usurped wholly by the villainess, the g nonagenarianen-haired imposter who masquerades as a conventional espouse woman while plotting slaying on the side. 4 Gone are the eighteenth-century portraitures of the innately virtuous heroine, such as Richardson s Pamela and Clarissa, who emphasise the inco rruptibility of the heroine as she battles to h superannuated dear her repute and womanly purity, or the early nineteenth-century s word pictures of the improve flirt who finally conforms as epitomised by Austen s Emma Woodhouse. 5 In their topographic point stood the extramarital, bigamous, frequently homicidal, angel of the fire lay turned d perversive in the pretense of the respectable marital woman, distaff parent or governess.This sunrise(prenominal) strain of anti-heroinesAs Showalter argues, esthesis fictionalizationalization conveys the menace of brisk phantasies, new outlooks, and in time egg-producing(prenominal) rebellion 6 ,This challenge to the conventional liaison of openhanded pistillatessilly novels by lady novelists angel turned demon bloody shame Elizabeth Braddon s Lady Audley s riddle ( 1862 ) 7 the incorruptibility of the heroine, the angel of the fireplace, is replaced The shift of the angel of the fireplace into the scheming devilThe outgr owth of the esthesis novel in the 1860s marked the scope of a new coevals of female supporters. The angelical married womans and girls of old genres were replaced by intriguing bigamists, manque murderesses and unreliable fornicatresss, who were prepared to utilize any(prenominal) agencies necessary, including their gender, to accomplish their invention. The transmutation of the scoundrel from the typical blue-collar male of old literary genres ( epitomised by Dickens ) to the apparently righteous angel of the fireplace at the same time shocked and stimulate Victorian readers and critics likewise. The insinuation that a self-aggrandising female would utilize her gender in rig to perpetrate offenses such as bigamy and fraud, that she would wee married strictly for her ain somebodyal ( normally fiscal ) addition, and non out of love, churn up the moralists of the clip and enamour every socio-economic class of reader. Numerous critics campaigned against the word picture o f characters such as Braddon s Lady Audley ( Lady Audley s Secret ) and Collins Lydia Gwilt ( Armadale ) , protesting that esthesis novels were alter to everyone concerned ( Oliphant, 1867, in Pykett, 1992 48 ) and a pathologic phenomenon of literature indi micklets of a widespread corruptness, of whichMarried Woman s prop Act divorce 1857Victorian heroine conjures up images of Am telephone numberion, self-assertion and the impulse for possess and freedom of pick are character traits frequently employ by novelists to heighten and progress the position of the male supporter. In a female supporter they are counter qualities which label her an aberrance to her sex.Ill-famed villainess by far the most interesting character the villainess. The low-class male of old literary genresThe esthesis novelists offered readers a new sort of scoundrel the villainess.Aberrant muliebrity.the chromosome mapping of a heroine to expire as an object of designationAdeline Sergeant suggests a nother(prenominal) ground for the popularity of such characters a rebellion against the inane and impossible worthiness of old literary heroines ( Sergeant, in Mitchell, 1981 74 ) .There can be no possible uncertainty that the evil of full-grown male is less catastrophic, less black to the universe in general, than the evil of bountiful female. That is the rising tide tide of all bad lucks of the race. Whughes 135 Margaret oliphantOutraged Victorian esthesiasbloody shame Elizabeth Braddon synonymous with the creative activity of a new type of female supporter the angel turned devil.Patrilineal heritage offspringGaskell pity Richardson s Clarissa Wollstonecraft MariaThe governess liminal figure equivocal place tabula rasaAm present momention, self-assertion and the entrust for fountain and freedom of pick are character traits frequently used by novelists to heighten and progress the position of the male supporter. In a female supporter they are counter qualities.Inversion of the melo salient separate of heroineShowalter puerperal cult 71maladyThe outgrowth of the esthesis novel in the 1860s marked the reaching of a new coevals of female supporters. The beatific married womans and girls of old genres were replaced by intriguing bigamists, manque murderesses and unreliable fornicatresss, who were prepared to utilize whatever agencies necessary, including their gender, to accomplish their tendency. The transmutation of the scoundrel from the typical low-class male of old literary genres ( epitomised by Dickens ) to the apparently guiltless angel of the fireplace at the same time shocked and thrilled Victorian readers and critics likewise. The suggestion that a adult female would utilize her gender in severalise to perpetrate offenses such as bigamy and fraud, that she would get married strictly for her ain personal ( normally fiscal ) addition, and non out of love, outraged the moralists of the clip and captivated every category of reader. Numerous cr itics campaigned against the word picture of characters such as Braddon s Lady Audley ( Lady Audley s Secret ) and Collins Lydia Gwilt ( Armadale ) , protesting that esthesis novels were debasing to everyone concerned ( Oliphant, 1867, in Pykett, 1992 48 ) and a morbid phenomenon of literature indicants of a widespread corruptness, of which they are in portion both the consequence and the cause ( Mansel, 1863, in Pykett, 1992 51 ) .the adventuress marries without love and hence submits to arouse without love. Even though the entry takes topographic point within matrimony, the adventuress is frequently shown to be evil because of her sexual willingness. ( Mitchell, 1981 76 ) .Sabotaging traditional house tick off valuesLa extreme of female rebellionThe villainess makes the out tangibleHughes remarks on the outgrowth of this new literary phenomenon by stating that, The supporter no longer runs off from the manque bigamist she is more likely to dabble in a small bigamy of her ai n. ( Hughes, 1980 9 ) . The madwoman in the Attic had been transformed, from a discoloureda . barbarian face with a.red eye and the fearful blackened rising prices of the qualities. ( Bronte, C. , 1847 317 ) into a demure and earnive Siren, whose sportsmanlike face shone like a sunray. ( LAS, 7 ) and who was, by all external visual aspects, the perfect married woman.Titillation of female villainousness outdoor(a) bounds of society villainess do by societyIn Shakespeare the hero was baronial and remote.Voice and ordain our deepest desires, feelings, ideas.Villain can resemble the heroLady Audley reveals the paradox that it is the female s aberrant behavior that renders her other, however one time she is othered her behavior becomes more utmost.Use governess ambivalent place used to analyze adult female s placeDisreputable early(prenominal) timesWealth position and repute of course follows barchester histories mr moffattEncapsulates everything that work forces are most af eard(predicate) of female genderMorality narrativeUnacknowledged desiresLydia female volatility lady Audley female surveillance sensingVictorian readers least resemble scoundrels non like us that surprisingly they teach us to the highest degree ourselves.As Pam Morris argues, women map as the other which allows work forces to fortify a positive self-identity as masculine. 8 Ultimate misdemeanor machinator with ability to pull strings her victimsDoes nt repent actions notwithstanding non crave for an unrestrained transgressionLydia s aspiration gathers momentum at that place becomes a unsighted urgency to accomplish her desire to go Mrs Allan ArmadaleVillain becomes an unbelievable figure one that ab initio looks and acts like the archetypical angel.This is non to state that esthesis novelists are undertaking evil forces on the pageWitness the growing of immorality in one of patriarchate s most powerful images of pureness womankind perverting influence on kids.Not descent int o lawlessness or abasementRecognizable new degree of complexnessGoverness the Respectable face of villainy the governessDisturbing is the Ordinariness of these adult females s state of affairss makes their actions flooring to Victorian reader. A recognisable individual one that they may use in their places. Relative employed as governess. She s non different to us non recognizable as scoundrel. Close propinquity of villainousness.Disparity in their lucksit s a deal. 11Abandoned kid merely principled she works so marries to tack on for him.see gilbertdiseasedesire104Governess s place site of struggleIt is non until her individuality hat she becomes a true scoundrel. Deseasedesire102Miss Morley pale governess features that are identifiable as those of 100s of governesses and females. fifteen old ages of a governess of five-and-thirty old ages of age traveling place to get married a adult male to whom she had been engaged 15 old ages p.13a monster nugget turned up under my spade, and I came upon a gilded sedimentation of some magnitude. A fortnight afterwards I was the richest adult male in all the small settlement about me. I travelled post-haste to Sydney, realised my gold findings which were deserving upward of ?20,000p.22What turns Lucy from the doll like married woman into the villainess is a turn of hatful return of hubby Robert s grim chase for George s whereabouts necessitate to detect her true individuality. Latent lunacy inherited from female parent. in two ways abject female parentLydia predatory looking for chances to progress her societal position.Power enviousness treachery fright choler desireFemme fatale manner-time has pushed Lydia Lucy to villainyWriters such as set their narrations in foreign climates or in a landscape of phantasy and fable the scoundrel s actions can non impact civilized society no menace but the power of the esthesis set their narrations in recognizable topographic points and state of affairss. ref recoils from Ly dia but what s she traveling to make next.Lydia s self-destruction the dramatic release from her societal place she has craved.Detailed psychological make-upfancied scoundrel normally gets his deserts or meets a bloody concluding dungaree societal misfit but we can understand her predicament.Isabel sympathise with her actions apprehensible.The power of Lydia s character is to propose that adult females are ambidextrous, untrusty.Ill-famed villainess by far the most interesting character profligate Robert Lovelace CLarissa Samuel Richardson, Fagin non lovable varlet corrupted the artlessness of kids condemnable marauder.Fosco cosmopolite appeal, unusual powers, out accept outsmart investigators, sophisticated, relishes his power, Marian worthy advisory, possibility he will be master, new sort scoundrel reflects scientific thought of clip, unbelieving godless creates his ain moral model, wiw twelvemonth after beginning species, tickle pinking further terrorizing character. Train ed chemist sinister sense events narcoticsImbues work forces with great passionJugglingNo redeeming characteristicsWithout self-doubt, self-questioning, self-despair believes their societal place offers some grade of exoneration for their actions.Catalyst to events I do non state that Robert Audley was a coward, but I will acknowledge that a tremble of horror, something kindred to fear, chilled him to the bosom, as he remembered the atrocious things that have been done by adult females, since that cardinal hours upon which Eve was created to be Adam s comrade and help-meet in the tend of Eden. What if this adult female s beastly power of deception should be stronger than the truth, and oppress him? She had non spared George Talboys when he had stood in her manner, and menaced her with a certain hazard would she merely him who threatened her with a far greater danger? Are adult females merciful, or loving, or sort in proportion to their beauty and their invest? 273-4 Lathe fema le wrongdoer is the venue of horror, the site where the incomprehensible panics of domesticity can be explained and surmounted. 36 HartLady Audley putting to deaths premeditated in tack to prolong her socially and financially unafraid function of married woman place she has attained via misrepresentation.Gilbert Lady Audley s narrative shows that adult females are most evil when they conform to societal outlooks. Disease desire 96 sarcasm society labels adult females as adventuress, vill adult females who attract the male regardI did retrieve this and it was, possibly, this that made me selfish and granitic for I suppose I am heartless. As I grew sure-enough(a) I was told that I was reasonably &8212 beautiful &8212 lovely-bewitching. I heard all these things at first indifferently but by-and-by I listened to them avariciously, and began to believe that in malice of the secret of my life I might be more successful in the universe s great draftsmanship than my comrades. I had learnt that which in some indefinite mode or other every schoolgirl learns sooner or subsequently &8212 I learned that my last destiny in life depended upon my matrimony, and I concluded that if I was so prettier than my schoolmates, I ought to get married better than any of them. 350Braddon suggests that adult females s future individuality founded on the necessity to procure a computable matrimony. Marriage based on the demand for societal and economic security, adult females s fright of poorness, non on love. Phoebe marries out of fright afraid Luke will be violent and vindictive ( p.107 ) if she is non submissive and compliant to his demands. feminine individuality fluidRobert self-fulfillment romantic hero sub-plot masculinastionFaulkes Writer s confederate thrusts narrative, readers see events unfold, gives us familiarity with scoundrel, sometimes hard non to take his sideDynamic qualities make them appealing.Suspicious of fast displacement in category mobility.Free herse lf from societal limitation.Social cast mustiness stay stable.Love makes Lydia refocus her hatred and vindictive nature. salvation by decease delegating. A character so flawed anti-heroineLa wholly focused on her ain societal demands egoistic appears to moderate no feelings whatsoever. Ideal heroine person like Florence dombey 1848 of this novel to bind in with 1860s lizzie Hexam our mutal friend 1864 possibly self-giving motherly caring epitome angel. Everything La is non. Abandons kid. Success means money and security no room for love.298Fatal necessities of concealment how complete an actress my lady had been made by the atrocious necessity of life. dungaree letters reveal her motive, hue in her function of victim. Jean arising against function of victim, relics of one time dear nature. Greatest humor aspiration. Divorcee far more insurgent than bigamist. mischievousness adult females but still fulfil function of hero prise her for her sense of intent victimised position. Austere passionate, amply sexual femme fatale, who has a cryptic yesteryear, an excite nowadays, and a vindictive futurexv presentation.Lydia rational self-awareRobert Audley postulate Gerald Coventry Allan Armadales need the figure of the governess in order to happen themselves. The governess instructive map does non halt at the direction cosmetic achievements, French. Their behavior is doubtless indocile but to ask rightful topographic point in the patriarchal order.Fetterley argues that Jean Muir s narrative articulates a extremist critique of the cultural concepts of muliebrity and small muliebrity, exposing them as functions that adult females must lead, masks they must set on in order to last. Therefore, Jean must play the function of the inactive and submissive beauty, but with the computation of a marauder, in order to achieve the wealth and position she urgently desires. 9 This is undeniably accurate, and Jean s letters to her co-conspirator, Hortense, reveal tha t she calculates her every move with the silky of a marauder. As Jean embarks on her new life as Lady Coventry the combustion of her letters is the symbolic rejection of her past life but the successful devastation of the cunning marauder s past life besides symbolises triumph and farther authorization of the indocile female.In decision, the villainess in esthesis fiction the heroine can be said is portrayed as more person than Godhead, a flesh and blood.The Victorian Villain Goes A-GovernessingIn Shakespeare the hero was baronial and remote.La victim merely every bit much as villainess abandoned. Few options workhouse the streets or governessing.Madness convenient fiction see Juliet toilet gumshoe vil googbkAppearance inversion of countenance.Suspicious of choppy displacement in category moility.Free herself from societal limitation.Social order must stay stable.Love makes Lydia refocus her hatred and vindictive nature. buyback by decease delegating. A character so flawed anti -heroineLa wholly focused on her ain societal demands egoistic appears to hold no feelings whatsoever. Ideal heroine person like Florence dombey 1848 of this novel to bind in with 1860s lizzie Hexam our mutal friend 1864 possibly self-denying motherly caring epitome angel. Everything La is non. Abandons kid. Success means money and security no room for love.298Fatal necessities of cover how complete an actress my lady had been made by the atrocious necessity of life.Jean letters reveal her motive, pigment in her function of victim. Jean arising against function of victim, relics of one time honorable nature. Greatest humor aspiration. Divorcee far more insurgent than bigamist.Heroines more mortal than Godhead.Bad adult females but still fulfil function of hero admire her for her sense of intent victimised position.Austere passionate, amply sexual femme fatale, who has a cryptic yesteryear, an electrify nowadays, and a vindictive futurexv presentation.Lydia you know the evil I have attached Juliet toilet Lydia Gwilt underestimates her ain capacity for humane and generous feeling, eventually doing the last selflessness by puting down her ain life. Her self-destruction is non merely prompted by love, nevertheless, it is besides the consequence of intense wretchedness and self-loathing. 207. Lydia emotional has ever been concord of her actions suicide final signifier of incorporate as she evades penalty for her bootleg workss.In this analysis, the societal and political alterations that Kilroy identifies as a beginning of uneasiness and fear-married adult females s belongings rights and civil divorce, for example-areliberating, although the Schroeders note Thursdayfemale characters such as Clara Talboys Muse and inspirationinteresting stance, the pale governess 15 old ages pittance return to be marriedThe Victorian Villain Goes A-GovernessingIn Shakespeare the hero was baronial and remote.La victim merely every bit much as villainess abandoned. Few optio ns workhouse the streets or governessing.Madness convenient fiction see Juliet toilet gumshoe vil googbkAppearance inversion of countenance.Suspicious of sudden displacement in category moility.Free herself from societal limitation.Social order must stay stable.Love makes Lydia refocus her hatred and vindictive nature. Redemption by decease delegating. A character so flawed anti-heroineLa wholly focused on her ain societal demands egoistic appears to hold no feelings whatsoever. Ideal heroine person like Florence dombey 1848 of this novel to bind in with 1860s lizzie Hexam our mutal friend 1864 possibly self-denying motherly caring epitome angel. Everything La is non. Abandons kid. Success means money and security no room for love.298Fatal necessities of privacy how complete an actress my lady had been made by the atrocious necessity of life.Jean letters reveal her motive, pigment in her function of victim. Jean arising against function of victim, relics of one time honorable nature . Greatest humor aspiration. Divorcee far more insurgent than bigamist.Heroines more mortal than Godhead.Bad adult females but still fulfil function of hero admire her for her sense of intent victimised position.Austere passionate, amply sexual femme fatale, who has a cryptic yesteryear, an electrifying nowadays, and a vindictive futurexv presentation.Lydia you know the evil I have affiliated Juliet toilet Lydia Gwilt underestimates her ain capacity for humane and generous feeling, eventually doing the ultimate selflessness by puting down her ain life. Her self-destruction is non merely prompted by love, nevertheless, it is besides the consequence of intense wretchedness and self-loathing. 207. Lydia emotional has ever been control of her actions suicide ultimate signifier of control as she evades penalty for her dim workss.

A social construction Essay

As a social construction, ethnicity is defined as a grouping individual having a commonality identifying hereditary pattern (Yinger, 1994). The common heritage may comprise of a unifying language, cultural values, norms, and beliefs, and a common ancestry. This has the implication that people belonging to a given ethnic group identify from another(prenominal)s with eminent distinctive characteristics, an element which ensure their recognition in the larger human community.Owing to the common heritage that defines an ethnic group, ethnicity encompasses other communal aspects such as political, social, and economic interests, territorial ownership, and similar behavioral patterns. The global community has witnessed numerous incidences of ethnic hostilities over the past hardly a(prenominal) decades. Among this is the 2007 post-election violence which saw hundreds of Kenyans killed and thousands of others fleeing their homes to refuge camps within and outside the country (BBC, 200 7). consort to available information, the conflict was mainly a fight for land will power in the rift valley region between the Kalenjin and Kikuyu ethnic groups (BBC, 2007). In the American nation, ethnic hostilities are quite common. This can be apparent from statistical evident from a 2000 research which indicated that most citizens of Asian reservoir are mainly engaged in small business established. such(prenominal) have been closely attributed to the high levels of labor market discrimination practices against these members of the community.In addition, since after the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, racial profiling and discrimination against individuals of Islamic dividing line have been on the hike. This has been due to the perceptions associating Muslim with terrorism activities. Lastly, ethnic hostility can be evident in the school population trends in the US. Records indicate that as at 2003 estimated 87% of enrollments in public-schools in shekels where from the black community compared to less than 10% from the white population.

Popular Kids vs Unpopular Kids Essay

Everyone wants to be the general kid in richly school right? not al centerings true because touristyity isnt always as great as it looks. Belonging in the popular social group in high school can be a rough place for both(prenominal) individuals. In another(prenominal)(prenominal) words, the grass isnt always greener on the other side. While unpopular teens wish to join the other side, they should submit a a couple of(prenominal) things before making a rash decision. While musing through the negative effects of being popular, one that stands out is the fiber of tidy sum one would be neck involved with.We each desire to keep back truthful and caring booster amplifiers. However, not every person in the popular click is truthful and caring. Before choosing a click, one should think intimately the typical characteristics that be associated with that click. Their intention might not be to let out the surpass in a agonist but the worst. one(a) moment a teenager will be ta lking to another as friends, and then the next moment theyve already started talking so-and-so their backs about one another. Arent true friends supposed stand up for each other and stand by their side?Of course they are, however, it seems that the unpopular click departs along remedy because they treat their friends in the same way that they would want to be treated. Another aspect to be aware of when considering the popular click is peer pressure. Being popular has a tendency to come with standards. When one does not meet up to the expectations of the group, he or she is a lot subjected to peer pressure or humiliation. Many give into peer pressure to avoid being humiliated. Peer pressure typically results in person acting irresponsible and foolish to prove some kind of committal like a gang.Consequences of such actions can involve disappointment from parents or even the police Now why would a true friend try to jeopardize his or her friends future? In the end, were better o ff with just a couple of better(p) friends rather than a group of two-faced popular friends who only allot about themselves. Drama is another reason to consider before joining a popular click. Just imagine the sound of a gravitational constant flies buzzing down the hallway with the latest gossip. In a matter of one day, one comment could be transformed into a rumor and spread through the whole school like loco fire.Drama inevitably corrupts most teens but popular teens thrive on it like an addiction, and sometimes create lies just to ruin ones reputation. True friends, who might not be the most popular kids in school, but they would also never talk about a friend behind his or her back just to gain a high reputation with the popular click (Article one). Staying out of drama can athletic supporter one feel less stressed. Avoiding it can also stop individuals from acquiring involved in something they might regret.Gossip is difficult to find roaming among the unpopular group be cause they rarely feel the need to seek attention or hurt somebodys feelings by spreading rumors. They are already content and aware of how to treat individuals as they would like to be treated. When the spend hits it is common for the popular click to go out and party. Everyone hears the stories of how drunk someone got or how the cops busted a few unfortunate teenagers. Even the best of teens get peer pressured into going to the weekend party and drinking.All of this objectionable partying is not appropriate for a 15 to 18 year emeritus teenager. Those cool parties consist of high school kids that dont chicane other ways to have fun or just get drunk to escape their problems. Teens have to step up and realize that they are capable of having a good time and overcoming problems with better solutions. Overall, it will exponentially impact adulthood by being able to handle problems positively. In conclusion, before making an impulsive decision to conform to the popular click, teen s should consider the reasons that were previously illustrated.The treatment of two-faced friends, spreading drama, and obnoxious parties are all valid reasons to just ignore the desire to be on the wrongfully admired click. Its better to be happy with a few true friends who treat others in the manner of respect. Perhaps, we are also better off living in harmony with our beliefs instead of trying to compromise and conform. Being the same is boring The popular group thrives on people who will conform. So lets celebrate our unique skills to look some variety and express our true individuality.

Kingdoms of medieval civilization

The fall of Rome and the rise of Germanic states mark the end of ancient eons and the beginning of the Middle Ages. During the Middle Ages, the amount of atomic number 63an culture shifted from the nations around the Mediterranean Sea to regions that had barely been moved(p) by Greco-Roman civilization. A new civilization, medieval civilization, took shape during the early onish Middle come ons (A.D. 500-1050). There were few strong rulers or governances in this period, and a semipolitical system grew up in which power was divided among many local lords (Perry, 1988,).By the fifth century, Germanic races had established kingdoms in Italy, Spain, Gaul, and England. These lands in one case belong to Rome (Crofton, 1994, 254). At its height, the Roman Empire had been a human race of cities with a rich culture. By the end of the Empire, many towns were abandoned as people fled to country estates. The center of political, social, and economic life shifted from city to countr yside. Since the Germanic invaders were rural people, they did not try to revive the old cultural centers or build new ones of their own. The decline of Roman rule left the Hesperian and central Europe disorganized.A new medieval style of government appeared in the kingdom of the Franks. A Germanic people, the Franks had migrated double-uward from their homeland in the valley of the Rhine River. As Romes border defenses weakened in the fourth and fifth centuries, Frankish tribes settled in Roman territory. almost 481 a Frankish ruler named Clovis united the various Frankish tribes and conquered the Romans and some other Germans in northern Gaul. In 768, Charlemagne became king of the Franks. Charlemagne was an extraordinary figure in medieval history. Charlemagne expanded his kingdom by conquering the Lombard kingdom in Italy and taking part of northern Spain from the Muslims.He added Bavaria (in what is now Germany) to his kingdom and afterward terrible wars forced the Germani c Saxons to submit to his rule and convert to Christianity. Charlemagne was enthrone Emperor of Rome in 800 which indicated that the Roman idea of strong centralized government had not died. Charlemagnes conglomerate did not, however, have Roman justice or political organization. Moreover, it had no great cities that could serve as centers of workmanship and learning. What Charlemagne did however, was to blend Germanic, Christian and Roman elements that came to characterize the civilization of the Middle Ages (Perry, 1988, 141-143).The kingdom of Charlemagne break apart after his death and divided Europe which was past threatened with invasions from the Viking raiders ( Vikings are the ancestors of the Swedes, Norwegians and Danes of today) from the north , the Magyars from Central Asia , and the Muslims. The terrible invasions went on until early in the tenth century and had terrible consequences for Western Europe. Like the precedent Germanic invasions, they weakened centra l authority, disrupted trade, hurt agriculture, and left settlements and monasteries in ruins. Few kingdoms had the capacity to protect its own people so that people no longer look to a central ruler for security. They turned instead to local lords who had their own armies.As a result, western Europe had entered an age in which lords, not kings, held political power. In fact, kings at that that time were regarded only as chief feudalistic lord. Living in age of warfare and disorder, lords sought allies among their fellow nobles. The basis for these alliances was the lords land. In counterchange for military assistance and other services, one lord granted land called a fief to another noble. The system of relationships that grew out of this granting of fiefs was called feudalism. It became the main political arrangement in Europe after the breakup of Charlemagnes empire in the ninth century.In some ways, feudalism grew out of the traditions of the Germanic tribes. Feudal law inclu ded many elements of Germanic law and feudal attitudes reflected Germanic respect for the warrior (Perry, 1988,144-145 ). Because they lived in violent times feudal lords build homes designed to serve as fortresses .The first castle was built in the ninth century at the time of the Viking raids. These castles were encircled by immense walls and strong guard towers. Sometimes, feudal lords would fight against each other for control (Crofton, 1994, 265).It is obvious therefore, that because of the disorder of territories brought about by the fall of Roman Empire, the Germanic kingdoms flourished, which combined the Germanic, Roman and Christian elements that characterized the western kingdoms of the medieval civilization. And as invasions plaqued the west from all quarters, small self-protecting feudal kingdoms governed by nobles or lords was established.ReferencesCrofton, Ian (e d). (1994). The Guinness Compact Encyclopedia. capital of the United Kingdom Guinness Publishing Limite dPerry, Marvin. (1988). A World in History. New York Houghton-Mifflin, Inc.   

Dulce Et Decorum Est Analysis Essay

In Owens Dulce Et Decorum Est, Owen provides the reader with some(prenominal) examples of imagery conveyed finished various literary devices. In English, Dulce Et Decorum Est, translates to it is new and adaptation, to die for your inwrought land. The images of earnestness, death, and tribulation that argon painted by Owen are the most healthful(p) conveyed and therefore the most impactionful images and to ultimately show the banter in the verse form becaexercising of Owens quality of literary techniques. An example that is well projected is splosh shoot a line Quick, boys An ecstasy of fumbling, fitting the clumsy helmets bonnie in meter these lines produce an image of excitement. The image of excitement Owen produces among the soldiers is do through the use of charged words and punctuation mark. The image that is produced from fluff Gas Quick, boys An ecstasy of fumbling, fitting the clumsy helmets just in time, can be set forth as a division of soldiers in the trenches going nigh the daily operation of shooting and getting shot at, undergo a horrid excitement of mishandle landing in the trenches.Then, as a soldier barks, intercourse the others to place on the gas masks. By employ words much(prenominal) as ecstasy, fumbling, and clumsy, Owen touches the readers emotion by depicting an treat that is intense because this movement of the soldiers will either remember life or a slow, sore death. Also, the punctuation that is present produces an envisionment of an officer barking at the younger, slight experienced military, telling the soldiers to impute on the masks over the words GAS Gas Quick, boys The over solely image smoothly and excitingly transitions from the walking, bloody, and fatigued troops to a life or death place that makes an essential impact on the poem. Though the troop of men successfully attached the gas masks, Owen continues on to further depict an image of a not so fortunate man who did not have the a kin privilege. The picture from And floundering equal a man in fire or lime. Dim, through the fogged panes and thick color light As under a verdure sea, I saw him drowning can be described as an too bad man that is being eradicated through a short, painful death.By apply imagery to describe the dying man that could be seen through the thick, green and misty gas, Owen describes a painful death of a soldier in such detail through the use of imagery, allows the reader to picture this virulent painting. . Also, the metaphor, As under a green sea compares murky sea water to the thickness . In Owens Dulce Et Decorum Est, Owen provides the reader with many examples of imagery conveyed through various literary devices. In English, Dulce Et Decorum Est, translates to it is sweet and fitting, to die for your native land. The images of excitement, death, and sadness that are painted by Owen are the most well conveyed and therefore the most impactful images and to ultimately show the mockery in the poem because of Owens choice of literary techniques. An example that is well projected is GAS Gas Quick, boys An ecstasy of fumbling, fitting the clumsy helmets just in time these lines produce an image of excitement. The image of excitement Owen produces among the soldiers is done through the use of charged words and punctuation. The image that is produced from GASGas Quick, boys An ecstasy of fumbling, fitting the clumsy helmets just in time, can be described as a division of soldiers in the trenches going about the daily routine of shooting and getting shot at, undergo a horrid excitement of gas landing in the trenches. Then, as a soldier barks, telling the others to place on the gas masks. By using words such as ecstasy, fumbling, and clumsy, Owen touches the readers emotion by depicting an action that is intense because this movement of the soldiers will either mean life or a slow, painful death.Also, the punctuation that is present produces an envisionment o f an officer barking at the younger, less experienced troops, telling the soldiers to put on the masks over the words GAS Gas Quick, boys The overall image smoothly and excitingly transitions from the walking, bloody, and fatigued troops to a life or death situation that makes an essential impact on the poem. Though the troop of men successfully attached the gas masks, Owen continues on to further depict an image of a not so fortunate man who did not have the same privilege.The picture from And floundering like a man in fire or lime. Dim, through the misty panes and thick green light As under a green sea, I saw him drowning can be described as an unfortunate man that is being eradicated through a short, painful death. By using imagery to describe the dying man that could be seen through the thick, green and misty gas, Owen describes a painful death of a soldier in such detail through the use of imagery, allows the reader to picture this deathly painting.. Also, the metaphor, As un der a green sea compares murky sea water to the thickness and coloration of the gas the soldier is entrapped in. The picture continues the previous image of the soldiers affixing the masks to an unfortunate man that was not up to(p) to do so, and paid the price. Before the splurge of excitement and the dying of a soldier, the same group of men were already suffering from the effects of state of war as depicted previously in the poem.The picture of death Owen conveys among the unsaved soldier is done through the use of imagery and metaphor. The depiction of the sadness of war Owen coins among the unlucky soldiers is completed through the use of punctuation and charged words from Many lost their boots but limped on, blood-shod. All went lame all blind Drunk with fatigue deaf even to the hoots Of disappointed shells that dropped behind. By employing punctuation to illustrate the slow and trudging group of men.With every punctuation within the lines of poetry, the punctuation charac terizes a pause in the soldiers walking as they swot up for the next seemingly endless step through the sludge in the trenches. Also, the charged words such as limped, lame, and deaf, allow the reader to put envision what it was like to be in a soldiers boots and experience the uncoiled colors of war sadness and despair. The image shows the designer of the group of soldiers as well as the landscape the soldiers call home.By employing the literary devices of punctuation and charged words, Owen gives the reader an envisionment of the group of men and the tolls of war. Through Owens choice of literary devices, Owen successfully portrays excitement, death, and sadness to the reader and without these images, Owen could not have conveyed the irony in the phrase Dulce Et Decorum Est. The portraits of the soldiers equipped with gas masks, the dying soldier, and the condition of the troops show the true colors of war, which is what Owen was attempting to convey throughout the poem.

Differences between family and friends Essay

Throughout our lives we interact in many and varied transactionhips. These domiciliate chuck from intense aflame and physical interactions, to casual acquaintances. Our ability to bond, congregate and vanguarde within these relationships is non restricted to the family or blood-related from whom we be innate(p) many ar the result of companionships make within our societal settings.We matu step knowledge relationships within the work ass, sporting activities and shared community interests. The everydayness of interest rouse be in residential status, class, race, gender and spectral beliefs. The formation of relationships displace have a multitude of meanings and vastness to the individual, whether formed with family or friends. So how do the importance of relationships between family and friends differ? tally to Baker (2001, p.1) Our personal decisions and lifestyle alternatives are yieldd in a myriad, oft hidden, ways by what happens in the wider homo. This sug gests that as individuals we imply the influence of the outside world to see in our decision-making processes. However, twain family and friendly relationship relationships bye a range of external ( accessible) and internal (private) life networks from which the individual or group nookie access personal and social getledge, resources and certification.The difference in the level, mannerism and depth of needs attended to by both family and experience relationships must then be discussed to access the importance of each and the grapheme it plays in the life of the individual and society.FriendshipGoerg Simmel (in G. Little, 1993, p.31) saw friendship as pure sociability. Simmell pictured society as a web of sociability, a subtle balance of delicate exchanges it was only the name devoted to the comings and leaving of human creations, the interchanges that simultaneously link and separate population. Simmel further describes friends as artists, claiming friends must c ommit themselves to communicating strong, putting all distraction off.Simmells description of friendship in society, describes the way in which we all overstep in our external lives, separate to that of family or kin relations. The communicative commitment we put into these meetings will depend on the level of interaction desired, given our commonality and interest. Therefore, the formation of friendships is based on the attention given to conversation, how well we communicate and the manner in which we construct our communication. All other encounters are purely polite exchanges of greetings between people we meet externally. Friendly interactions can therefore be come down an auxiliary of our internal family lives.A case pick out of social networks conducted by Lyn Richards (in Gilding, 1999, p.121-23) of a Melbourne suburb revealed how residents constructed a wide salmagundi of relationships with their neighbours. The social exchange of neighbourhood residents extended to s haring equipment and getting to know each other on a more personal basis, allowing friendship relations to enter the internal do primary(prenominal) family life by choice rather than necessity.This offers an interesting perspective to Simmells analysis of friendship scarce being polite but attentive exchanges of our everyday external lives. It suggests that we not only form friendships externally out of politeness but in like manner internally to share our family relations. Richards noted however, that the association between friends and family relations are separated by the difference in time spent with family and friends.Edward Shorter (1979, p.231) writesin traditional society the kin group counted for relatively little in randy terms, being primarily a reservoir of material support in emergencies. The view here is that friendship relations are an extension of family relations, allowing additional resources to be obtained. Friendship is then seen as an important good to completing our hierarchy of needs. Therefore, placing restrictions on the importance and position of family and friendship lend factors to our family and societal needs, with the extent of these needs measured in material and delirious contexts.Demographically family structures have endured many changes to the way in which family member conduct their lives. Changes to lug market forces, socio-economics and lifestyle choices, have left many with little or no time to conduct friendship relationships within the family unit.The importance of emotional support and mental upbeat is then passed onto external avenues such as social services and friendship alliances. Meaning, that whilst our physical needs are being met through income support (wages, benefits), our emotional needs are neglected over time taken to achieve our physical and material needs. Therefore, positioning friendship relations as an important aspect of our familial and societal structure.Talcott Parsons (in van Krie ken et al, 2000, p.328) described the functions of the nuclear family as the primary socialization of children and the stabilization of the bad personalities of the population of society (1955a, p.16). Parsons analysis of socialisation and stabilisation functioning describes the family as a secure and sociable entity, capable of providing both social development and emotional well-being.To support Parsons description Bell and Zajdow (in Jureidini and Poole, 2003, p.275-76) describe the family as an entity where people have their emotional needs cared for by a wife or mother has displaced the household whose primary propose was to produce goods for the material well-being of family members.The descriptions of families given here, lead to families providing emotional support for its members, similar to that of friendship relationships. How can we determine at this point, which is more important? Family support and learning can be contained within the family, kept private and di scussed with members whom share common kin ties. The emotional support of friendship risks private consultation becoming cosmos and has no biological status. Therefore, the family as a social and emotional supplier is viewed as more important.The difference and diversity of families and friendship relations as pointed out in Shorter (1979, p.231-41) may provide insight into the importance of family dynamics. Shorter describes a variety of family and kin units, their origins and look upons placed on human contact. The look into shows that despite having sociable human contact, preference is given to remaining adjoining to family and kin, and protecting the family unit from external intrusion. Thus, providing the family with a direct sense of purpose and well-being for the individual, a place of sanctity and security when the outside world is no longer required or available.Our experiences of the world are subjective, we submit in both physical and emotional stimulation to suffi ce our needs. However, the main source for supply and demand of these needs is found in our value of our family and kin relationships. Family values are found in family traits, traditions and familiarity of its members andFamily and Friends 5its stableness in a demographically changing social world. In this sense, friendships may come and go however, family values will always remain, placing an emphasis on the importance of families.Where do families achieve their stability and security? The structural functionalism of families can assist in maintaining stability and security, through its ability to provide individuals with the opportunity for emotional support, companionship, sexual expression, reproduction and the socialisation of childrenThey maintain social order and potencyler through disciplining their children and other members (Baker, 2001, p.73).The ability of families to maintain social and familial control provides members with a sense of self-control over ones life. A setting to which they can return to safe in the knowledge that emotional, physical and material guidance and support can be sought. Therefore, positioning the family as a place belonging and familiarity.ConclusionThere appears to be little doubt that both family and friends play and important role in ones life. To measure to importance we cannot treat the difference and diversity of both family and friendship relationships. For some the relationship of friends is highly important, for others it is the relationship of the family.To assess why friendship relationships appear to be more important, it is essential to recognise the demographic changes that have occurred in the past and the rate at which changes occur in the present. Family dynamics now share a variety of different relationship structures such as, defacto, stepfamilies, same sex partners, word sense and foster parenting. All of which have their own unique set of values, social and cultural traits.The apparent mul titude of difference and diversity of both family and friendship arrangements, in an ever-changing world, may embrace the need for external relations outside the family. Friendship relationships can become symbolic of demographic changes, be non-compliant with family traditions and have the flexibility to endure future change. Thus, placing an importance on the need and value of friendship relationships.

Administrative Policy

The parapraxis of Mrs. Kelly and Mr. Eldridge atomic number 18 different in nature. Mrs. Kelly is battle for her welfare benefits, while Mr. Eldridge is bit for his disability benefit. Under the same point, they are both claiming that the terminations of their benefits were made without large(p) them the opportunity to undergo a pre-evidentiary hearing, which they both believe is a deprivation of their functions to enjoy the benefits of due process of law.While both of them are entitle to be given pre-evidentiary hearing, but the nature of their benefits, and the circumstances that they are fighting are totally different. Mr. Eldridges character reference so-and-so be easy won it only requires an effort of collecting medical information, as the cheek itself tackles disability benefit eligibility, Compared to Mrs. Kellys case, Mr. Eldridge has lots of options for proving his eligibility.On the other hand, Mrs. Kellys case requires a deeper type of inquiry to prove her eligibi lity. However, under both are entitled to be given due process. But the court had prioritized Mrs. Kellys case as it requires broader scope of study compared to Mr. Eldridge. The court just wants to mint priorities on their caseloads at hand. Under the Goss v. Lopez, and the Ingraham v. Wright cases, again the weight of the participation and the independence which is at stake is given higher value. In the first case, in that respect were two major areas which are considered. First, students are entitled to avail discipline at schools. Second, expulsion, suspension, or any disciplinary actions imposed by schools elicit need an effect on the morality of the student.Considering these two points, the school screwt impose disciplinary actions to students without pre-evidentiary hearing, because the degree of risk associated with imposing penalties is real high, therefore, it should be cautiously done. On the second case, complainants were fighting against imposing sensible puni shment at schools. Imposing physical punishments such as paddling, betting, or forcing students to do shameless activities is against the law.Students have the rights to be protected from such actions. However, this strategy of disciplining students has been traditionally applied by the school. Although this also involves degrading the morality of the students, or inflicting physical abuse, but this is still different from the Goss v. Lopez case.The first case was characterized by imposing suspension, or expulsion, therefore, the students right to avail the right education is suppressed. But in either case, the presence of pre-evidentiary hearing is necessary however, this is again another issue of prioritizing caseloads at the hands of the courts. Pickering and Nurse Churchills cases differ in nature. Both employees were entitled to their rights to speak about their opinion. However, Pickerings allegations are more viewed as an issue of public concern. The nature at which Mr. Pic kering spoke of his idea is more reasonable and formal in nature, he wrote it in address to the people whom he wants to question.But Churchills case was fairly like spreading rumors or hearsay. Mr. Pickerings case can be easily protected under the rights to speech while Churchill has more complexities.All cases have good grounds on due process recognition. However, the aspect of how it can be processed under their claims requires more effort which the courts and other juridical system prioritize in terms of the validity of its claims and the level of interest and liberty of the different parties at stake.

Marketing strategies Essay

Types of strategiesMarketing strategies may differ depending on the singular situation of the individual business. However there atomic number 18 a return of ways of categorizing some generic strategies. A brief description of the near(prenominal) common categorizing schemes is presented be broken Strategies based on market authorisation In this scheme, unwaverings are classified based on their market share or dominance of an industry. Typically there are four types of market dominance strategies LeaderChallengerFollowerNicherAccording to Shaw, Eric (2012). Marketing Strategy From the telephone circuit of the Concept to the Development of a Conceptual Framework. Journal of Historical look into in Marketing., there is a framework for market strategies. Market entree strategiesAt introduction, the marketing strategist has two principle strategies to charter from discernment or niche (47). Market developing strategies In the early harvest-festival stage, the marketin g manager may choose from two additional strategic alternatives segment expansion (Smith, Ansoff) or brand expansion (Borden, Ansoff, Kerin and Peterson, 1978) (48). Market matureness strategiesIn maturity, sales growth slows, stabilizes and starts to decline. In early maturity, it is common to employ a maintenance system (BCG), where the firm maintains or holds a stable marketing mix (48). Market decline strategiesAt some send the decline in sales approaches and then begins to exceed costs. And not serious accounting costs, there are hidden costs as well up as Kotler (1965, p. 109) observed No financial accounting can adequately convey all the hidden costs. At some point, with declining sales and ascent costs, a harvesting schema becomes unprofitable and a divesting strategy unavoidable (49). Early marketing strategy concepts wereBordens marketing mix In his continent Harvard Business Review (HBR) article of the marketing mix, Borden (1964) credits jam Culliton in 1948 with describing the marketing executive as a decider and a sociable of ingredients. This led Borden, in the early 1950s, to the insight that what this mixer of ingredients was deciding upon was a marketing mix (34). Smiths differentiation and segmentation strategiesIn point of intersection differentiation, according to Smith (1956, p. 5), a firm tries bending the will of command to the will of supply. That is, distinguishing or differentiating some aspect(s) of its marketing mix from those of competitors, in a mass market or large segment, where customer preferences are comparatively homogeneous (or heterogeneity is ignored, Hunt, 2011, p. 80), in an attempt to shift its aggregate quest curve to the left (greater quantity sold for a given price) and recognise it to a greater extent inelastic (less amenable to substitutes).With segmentation, a firm recognizes that it faces multiple strike curves, because customer preferences are heterogeneous, and focuses on serving one or more specific target segments within the overall market (35). Deans skimming and penetration strategiesWith skimming, a firm introduces a product with a high price and after milking the least price sensitive segment, piecemeal reduces price, in a stepwise fashion, tapping effective demand at for each one price level. With penetration pricing a firm continues its initial low price from introduction to rapidly capture sales and market share, except with lower profit margins than skimming (37). Forresters product life cps (PLC)The PLC does not offer marketing strategies, per se rather it provides an overarching framework from which to choose among various strategic alternatives (38). in that respect are also corporate strategy concepts likeAndrews attire analysisAlthough widely used in marketing strategy, SWOT (also known as TOWS) Analysis originated in corporate strategy. The SWOT concept, if not the acronym, is the work of Kenneth R. Andrews who is credited with writing the text portion of the classic Business Policy Text and Cases (Learned et al., 1965) (41). Ansoffs growth strategiesThe most well-known, and least often attributed, aspect of Igor Ansoffs ontogeny Strategies in the marketing lit is the term product-market. The product-market concept results from Ansoff juxtaposing new and existing products with new and existing markets in a two by two matrix (41-42). Porters generic strategiesPorter generic strategies strategy on the dimensions of strategic electron orbit and strategic strength. Strategic scope refers to the market penetration while strategic strength refers to the firms sustainable competitive advantage. The generic strategy framework (porter 1984) comprises two alternatives each with two alternative scopes. These are note and low-cost leadership each with a dimension of Focus-broad or narrow. ** harvest-home differentiation ** Cost leadership **Market segmentation * Innovation strategies This deals with the firms rate of the n ew product development and business copy innovation. It asks whether the company is on the cutting edge of technology and business innovation. There are three types ** Pioneers ** Close followers ** Late followers * Growth strategies In this scheme we ask the question, How should the firm grow?. There are a number of different ways of answering that question, but the most common gives four answers Horizontal integrationVertical integrationvariegationIntensificationThese ways of growth are termed as organic growth. Horizontal growth is whereby a firm grows towards acquiring other businesses that are in the analogous line of business for example a clothing sell issuance acquiring a diet outlet. The two are in the retail establishments and their integration lead to expansion. Vertical integration can be front or backward.Forward integration is whereby a firm grows towards its customers for example a food manufacturing firm acquiring a food outlet. Backward integration is whereby a firm grows towards its source of supply for example a food outlet acquiring a food manufacturing outlet. A more exact scheme uses the categoriesMiles, Raymond (2003). Organizational Strategy, Structure, and Process. Stanford Stanford University Press. ISBN 0-8047-4840-3. ProspectorAnalyzerDefenderReactorMarketing war strategies This scheme draws parallels between marketing strategies and military strategies. BCGs growth-share portfolio matrix ground on his work with experience curves (that also provides the rationale for Porters low cost leadership strategy), the growth-share matrix was originally created by Bruce D. Henderson, chief executive officer of the Boston Consulting Group (BCG) in 1968 (according to BCG history).Throughout the 1970s, Henderson expanded upon the concept in a series of short (one to three page) articles in the BCG newsletter entitle Perspectives (Henderson, 1970, 1972, 1973, 1976a, b). Tremendously popular among large multi-product firms, the BCG po rtfolio matrix was popularized in the marketing belles-lettres by Day (1977) (45).

Distripute Innovation

A break downive psychiatric hospital is an innovation that helps seduce a new marketplace and respect network, and eventually goes on to disrupt an existing market and mensurate network (over a few long time or decades), displacing an earlier engineering science. The term is used in business and technology literature to describe innovations that improve a product or serving in ways that the market does not expect, typically first by designing for a different set of consumers in the new market and later by lowering prices in the existing market.In contrast to profuse innovation, a sustaining innovation does not create new markets or nurse networks just rather only evolves existing ones with better value, appropriateing the firms within to vie against each others sustaining improvements. Sustaining innovations may be either discontinuous1 (i. e. transformational or extremist) or continuous (i. e. evolutionary). The term unquiet technology has been widely used as a syno nym of exuberant innovation, but the latter is now preferred, because market disruption has been found to be a function usually not of technology itself but rather of its ever-changing application.Sustaining innovations be typically innovations in technology, whereas disruptive innovations change entire markets. For example, the motorcar was a revolutionary technological innovation, but it was not a disruptive innovation, because early automobiles were expensive luxury items that did not disrupt the market for horse-drawn vehicles. The market for transportation essentially remained intact until the debut of the lower priced hybridizing Model T in 1908. 2 The mass-produced automobile was a disruptive innovation, because it changed the transportation market. The automobile, by itself, was not.The current theoretical understanding of disruptive innovation is different from what might be expected by default, an idea that Clayton M. Christensen called the technology mudslide hypothes is. This is the simplistic idea that an established firm fails because it doesnt keep up technologically with other firms. In this hypothesis, firms are like climbers scrambling upward on crumbling footing, where it takes constant upward-climbing campaign just to stay still, and any break from the effort (such as complacency born of profitability) causes a rapid downhill slide.Christensen and colleagues extradite shown that this simplistic hypothesis is wrong it doesnt model reality. What they have shown is that good firms are usually aware of the innovations, but their business environment does not let in them to pursue them when they first arise, because they are not profitable enough at first and because their development tolerate take scarce resources away from that of sustaining innovations (which are needed to compete against current competition). In Christensens terms, a firms existing value networks place insufficient value on the disruptive innovation to allow its purs uit by that firm.Meanwhile, start-up firms inhabit different value networks, at least(prenominal) until the day that their disruptive innovation is able to invade the older value network. At that time, the established firm in that network can at best only fend off the market share effort with a me-too entry, for which survival (not thriving) is the only reward. 3 The work of Christensen and others during the 2000s has addressed the question of what firms can do to avoid oblivion brought on by technological disruption.

Gregor Mendel

Who was Gregor Mendel? Mendel was a scientist who gained a true amount of fame from his study of genetics. He studied the pea plant and its hereditary pattern of certain traits. 2. What contributions did he make to intelligence? His study of genetics lead to an increase interest in the study of genetics. His biggest contribution to the study of science was his discovery of particulate inheritance, dominant and recessive traits, genotype and phenotype, and the concept of heterozygous and homozygous. . Which species did he work with? Mendel worked with the simple pea pod plant in his 8 year science experiment 4. State his 4 hypothesisThe branch part, or fair play, states that, Alternative versions of genes account for variations in inherited characters. The second law states that, For for each one character trait, like height, color, texture, etc an organism inherits two genes, one from each parent. The third law declares that, If the two alleles differ, indeed one, the domina nt allele, is fully uttered in the organisms appearance the other, the recessive allele, has no noticeable effect on the organisms appearance. The fourth law states that, The two genes for each character segregate during gamete production. 5. excuse the concept of independent assortment The concept of independent assortment states that the exit of one trait will not affect the emergence of another.For example, a pea plants inheritance of the aptitude to produce purple flowers instead of innocence ones does not make it more likely that it would also inherit the ability to produce yellow peas in contrast to green ones. 6. What conditions were overlooked by Mendel? Darwins theory that if the wide variation observable in elegant plants were caused by the changed conditions and increased nourishment experienced on being brought into cultivation, then this cause of variation must continue to act.

Effect of Unethical Behavior Article Analysis

The unethical practices & behavior in straight offs business accounting often goes unchecked, because the actions directly affect counsel or executives, since they usually control this accounting hence the results. If someone thinks their hire out might be in jeopardy they whitethorn falsify thinks for these members of management. As it seems obvious, falsifying or altering business documents such as gross revenue receipts, or tampering with reports would be considered unethical practices. According to Anonymous Employee (n. d. , Among the close to common unethical business behaviors of employees argon making long-distance calls on business lines, duplicating software for use at home, falsifying the number of hours worked, or much more serious and illegal practices, such as embezzling gold from the business, or falsifying business records. (para. 1).Among those situational exampleswhich include embezzlement of funds by an accountant from their employers for monetary gain al so include accountants receiving corporate hug from their client to report false information and having unrealistic objectives and deadlines. An accountant whitethorn decide to work for a company even though a conflict of interest may exist. If the accountant is owed money or has a significant stake in a firm, he or she may not be the ideal individual to prepare certain companies financial statements. (Jacobsen, 2008, para. 10). The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 is legislation enacted for the protection from the unethical behaviors. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act puts rules in move into to hold executives accountable for the accuracy of their organizations financial statements. The rules that are put in place achieve harsher punishments and criminal penalties for non-compliance.The Sarbanes-Oxley Act does its opera hat to ensure financial statements be true and correct. Section 406 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires that publically traded companies disclose their code of ethics for senior financial officers. The Act was knowing to promote honest and ethical conduct full and accurate manifestation in periodic reports and compliance with applicable government rules and regulations. (Jacobsen, 2008, para. 10). Does the Sarbanes-Oxley Act completely guarantee ethically correct financial statements each and every eon?ReferencesJacobsen, R. (2008, January). Unethical Behavior In The Workplace. EzineArticles, (), . Retrieved from http//ezinearticles.com/?Unethical-Behavior-In-The-Workplaceid=954264Anonymous Employee.(n.d.).Unethical behavior in the workplace. Retrieved from http//www.anonymousemployee.com/csssite/sidelinks/unethical_behavior.php

Benjamin Franklin Printer To Scientist To Politician History Essay

IntroductionBenjamin Franklin should be remembered as whiz of the establishing male person minifynt of the today s universe superpower- the United States of America. Franklin was born on January 17 1706 and lived on until April 17, 1790. Franklin a observe polymath was a prima pressman writer, semipolitical theoretician, postmaster, scientist, civic militant, statesman every slit right-hand(a) as a diplomat. As a scientist, Franklin can be remembered as the major figure problematical in the Enlighten of America and the history of natural philosophies for his ageless theories and finds every bit far as electricity is concerned. He is the figure behind the intent of the lightning rod, bifocals, the Franklin range, a passenger car mileometer, and the glass armonica Franklin established the pioneering everyday lending library every bit total as the first preempt section in public address system1.Franklin received the rubric of The First American for his early on on an d hardworks presentation for colonial on a lower floorstanding as a writer and interpreter in London for legion preparationtlements, and subsequently subsequently as the Prime Minister United States diplomat to France, he epitomized the develop American state. Franklin was non however foundational scarce besides introductory in structuring the American ethos as a marriage of the realistic and independent values of thrift, tight work, instruction, community spirit, autonomous establishments, and resistance to authoritarianism both political and apparitional , with the systematic and broad values of the light. Harmonizing to a celebrated historian henry Steele Commager, Franklin could be merged the virtuousnesss of Puritanism with out(p) its defects, the light of the Enlightenment without its heat. While To Walter Isaacson, Franklin was the most(prenominal) neck American of his age and the most influential in contriving the type of order America would go. 2Franklin, everlastingly conceited of his working category roots, ruddiness up the ladder to go a successful day-to-day editor in chief every bit good as a pressman in Philadelphia, the so taking metropolis in the trimtlement. He shortly sullen out to be affluent after printing Poor Richard s Almanack and The dad Gazette. Franklin achieved planetary re markation as a scientist for his legendary samples in electrical energy and for his many finds, peculiarly the lightning rod. He participated and besides vie a important function in establishing the University of Pennsylvania and was t soforth take to head the esteemed American Philosophical fellowship. Franklin turned into a res publica hero in America when he led the attempt to go over the Congress get rid of the ostracized Stamp Act. As a indue diplomat, he was extensively well-liked among the Gallic as American curate to capital of France and was a primal individual in the growing of affirmatory Franco-American dealingss. For several(prenominal) overage ages, Franklin was a British postmaster for the settlements, a station which subsequently enabled him to set up the initial national communications web. Franklin was so much(prenominal) involved and active in society individualized businesss, national and international personal businesss every bit good as colonial and province political relations. From 1785 to 1788, Franklin served as governor and towards the terminal of his life he unchained his slaves and hence turned out to be one of the most celebrated abolitionists3.His dark life and bequest of political and scientific achievement, every bit good as the rank as one of America s most important Establishing Fathers, have saw Franklin honoured on mintage and money warships the name calling of many towns, counties, educational establishments, namesakes, and companies and point after more than two centuries since his decease, unmeasured cultural references4.Franklin was born on Milk Street in Bo ston. His male parent wanted him to travel to school with the clergy but the money was merely plenty to last Franklin for merely two old ages in school. Franklin study at Boston Latin but he did non graduate and had to go on his instruction through insatiate reading. At 10 his knowledge ended and he started working for his male parent until the age of 12 when he became an learner for his brother who had a pressman and who introduced Franklin to the printing trade. At 15 Franklin established The New-England Courant, and which happened to be the first genuinely independent paper during the settlements. After being denied the chance to print a missive to the stark nakedspaper for publication, Franklin assumed the fabricated name of Mrs. Silence Dogood , a middle-aged widow. Mrs. Dogood s letters were in print, and even a topic of duologue most town. Neither James nor the Courant s readers were witting of the fast one. Franklin was forced to go forth the apprent frostship with out permission shortly after his brother detect that the prevalent correspondence belonged to Franklin5.At 17, Franklin took off and became a runaway in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania where he started a new life in a new metropolis. At first he worked in several pressman stores available in town but nevertheless he was non satisfied by the immediate chances. It is after a few months mend still working in a printing house that the so Pennsylvanian Governor convert him to travel to London purportedly to obtain equipment need in set uping other daily in Philadelphia6.At age 17, Franklin ran off to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, pursuit a new start in a new metropolis. When he foremost arrived he worked in several pressman stores around town. However, he was non satisfied by the immediate chances. After a few months, while working in a printing house, Franklin was convinced by Pennsylvania Governor Sir William Keith to travel to London, apparently to get the equipment necessary for se t uping another newspaper in Philadelphia7.Franklin as a PrinterIt was non until 1727, when Franklin, by so 21 old ages established the conclave, a throng of like minded draw a bead on craftsmans and shopkeepers who hoped to better themselves while they improved their community. The Junto was a argument group for all issues of the twenty-four hours and it accordingly provided rise to many associations in Philadelphia. For Junto reading was a great interest although by so books were unfeignedly rare and expensive excessively. Therefore the members of the Junto group agreed to nurse a library, ab initio meant for their ain books. However, this was non sufficient and that is the jog when Franklin conceived the thought of a subscription library, and which act as a signifier of pooling financess to purchase books for all to read. This sentience the birth of the library company of Philadelphia. Until today the library company remains a great scholarly every bit good as a research library harbouring over 500,000 rare books8.In 1733, Franklin started to inconvenience the celebrated Poor Richard s Almanack under the nom de plume Richard Saunders, on which much of his trendy position is based. Franklin on a regular basis wrote under anonym. Even though it was known that Franklin was the writer, his Richard Saunders character often denied it. In 1758, Franklin put in print Father Abraham s Sermon a yr after he ceased composing for the Almanack9.Franklin as an InventorFranklin was an impressive discoverer. In the rich of his legion creative activities was the Franklin range, bifocal spectacless, lightning rod, glass armonica, every bit good as the flexible urinary catheter. Franklin under no fortunes did he seeming(a) his innovations, and in his autobiography he wrote that, as we enjoy great advantages from the innovations of others, we should be sword lily of an chance to function others by any innovation of ours and this we should remove freely and libe rally. To add to his long list of innovations are societal inventions, for end paying frontward. Franklin s enthralment with invention could be regarded as philanthropic he wrote that his proficient plants were to be used for mounting effectivity and human development. integrity such development was his effort to rush up intelligence service in the class of his printing presses10.As adjunct postmaster, Franklin developed an inter-group communication refering the northwestward Atlantic Ocean circulation forms. It was while in England in 1768 that he overheard a ailment from the Colonial Board of Customs as to why make it took a British package ships transporting mail several hebdomads semipermanent to make New York than it took an mean merchandiser ship to make Newport, Rhode Island. Franklin located the job to his cousin Timothy Folger, a Nantucket whaler captain, who informed him that principal ships on a regular basis circumvented a strong eastward mid-ocean accepted wher eas the mail package captains navigated dead into it, therefore battling an unpleasant current of 3A stat mis per hr ( 5 kilometers per hour ) . Franklin so laboured with Folger and other cunning ship captains, larning every bit much as necessary to biz the current and name it the Gulf Stream, by which it is still known today11.It required many old ages for British sea captains to finally commend Franklin s advice on voyaging the current on one juncture they did, and they were able to pare two hebdomads from their seafaring reduce. exclusively in1853, oceanographer Matthew Fontaine Maury a fame map maker rang a bell that Franklin merely planned and codified the Gulf Stream, but he did non detect it.Franklin as a ScientistIn 1743, Franklin established the American Philosophical Society to help scientific work forces talk about their theories and finds. It at this clip that He began the electrical probes and surveies that, together with other scientific enquiries, would prosecute him for the repose of his life, in amid turns of moneymaking and politics12.In 1747, Franklin officially retired from printing and ventured into other concerns. He entered into a partnership with his chief, David Hall, which offered Franklin with portion of the store s returns for over 18 old ages. This moneymaking concern treaty non merely did it supply void and survey clip but besides it is during this period that be make the most finds that accorded him a repute with erudite tribe in atomic number 63 and particularly in France.13All Franklin s finds resulted from his scrutiny of electricity. Franklin projected that vitreous and pitchy electrical energy were non diverse types of electrical fluid , but instead represented the same electrical fluid under dissimilar force per unit areas. Franklin was the first individual to trade name them as positive and negative in that order, every bit good as he was the first individual to detect the rule of saving of load.14electric experiments done by Franklin paved manner to his find of the lightning rod. He discovered that music directors with a jagged instead than a level stage had the ability to liberate mutely, and at a far improved distance. He construed that this information could be of great usage in protecting celebrated edifices from lightning. In grasp of his attempt with electricity, Franklin was awarded with the Royal Society s Copley thread in 1753 while in 1756 he turn out to be one of the few eighteenth century Americans to be voted as a Fellow of the Society. In add-on and an honor to him the cogs unit of electric charge has been named after him that is one Franklin ( Fr ) is equal to one stat C.Franklin and his modern-day relay station Leonard Euler were the lone major scientists who showed support of Christiana Huygens moving ridge theory of subgross radiation, after it was basically ignored by the remainder of the scientific community15.Harmonizing to a good recognized myth, in 1973 a storm traveling from the souwest disadvantaged Franklin of the opportunity of detecting a lunar occultation. Franklin was said to look at noted that the current mien currents were in fact from the northeastern United States, opposing what he had expected. In communicating with his brother, Franklin subsequently learned that the matching storm had non film Boston non until after the occultation, in malice of the fact that Boston is to the nor-east of Philadelphia. He inferred that storms were non needfully affected by the way of the prevailing air current, a utile construct which would hold great influence in meteorology16.In add-on, Franklin noted a theory of infrigidation by recognizing that on a really hot twenty-four hours, he stayed ice thorax in his moisture shirt in a zephyr than he did on a dry 1. Harmonizing to Michael Faraday, Franklin s experimentation on the non-conduction of ice is significance even though the jurisprudence of the wide consequence of liquefaction on electrolytes is non attributed to Franklin. All Franklins oceanographic findings are accumulated in his Maritime Observations and published by the Philosophical Society s minutess. It restricted thoughts for catamaran hulls, sea ground tackles, shipboard buoy uping burden every bit good as piddle tight compartments.In 1736, Franklin formed the Union Fire Company, which happened to be one of the initial voluntary fire contending companies in America. It is besides during the same twelvemonth that he printed a new currency for New Jersey founded on fresh anti-counterfeiting technique which he had developed. All through his calling, Franklin was a friend for paper money, publishing A Modest Enquiry into the Nature and necessary of a Paper Currency in 1729, and his pressman printed money. He was cardinal in the more unnatural and therefore winning pecuniary experiment in the Middle Colonies, which stopped up deflation without taking to inordinate inflation17.Franklin as a Politic ianAs Franklin matured, he began holding more and more concerns sing public personal businesss. For case in 1743, he went a measure in front to setup a 4th strategy for the Academy and College of Philadelphia. Franklin became caught up in Philadelphia political personal businesss and quickly developed. In October 1748, he was elect to be a councilman, while in June 1749 he was appointed a Justice of the Peace for Philadelphia. In add-on, in 1751 he was voted for the first clip to the Pennsylvania Assembly. On August 10, 1753, Franklin was chosen joint deputy postmaster-general of North America. Well franklins most notable service in his state s political relations was his betterment of the postal system, with correspondence sent out each week18.In 1751, Franklin and Dr. Thomas Bond attain a lock from the Pennsylvania parliament to establish a infirmary. Pennsylvania Hospital was the early infirmary in what was to turn out to be the United States of America. In 1754, Franklin led t he Pennsylvania deputation to the Albany Congress. This assemblage of legion settlements had been called upon by the Board of Trade in England to develop dealingss with the Indians and defense mechanism non in favor of the Gallic. It was Franklin who really considered a wide Plan of Union for the settlement. Whilst the course of instruction was non approved, elements of instituted their manner into being in the Articles of Confederation and the Constitution.19In 1757, Franklin was sent off to England by the Pennsylvania Assembly as a imperial component to expostulation against the political authorization of the Penn household, the owners of the settlement. He stayed there for five old ages, determined to stop the owners privilege to turtle statute law from the voted Assembly, and their unsusceptibility from paying revenue enhancements on their land. His deficient in of of import Alliess in Whitehall made the mission to neglect.Franklin died on April 17, 1790, at the age of 84. A round 20,000 people were in attending during his funeral. He was interred in Christ church service Burial Ground in Philadelphia. The remains of B. Franklin Printer Like the finish off of an old Book, Its inside torn out, and stripped of its authorship and ornament, Lies here, grocery for Worms. But his Work shall neer be entirely lost For it will, as he supposed, emerge one time more, in a new and even more ideal Edition, accurate and revised by the Author. In 1773, when Franklin s work had had transformed from publishing to scientific discipline and politics.20Notes1. Isaacson, Walter. Benjamin Franklin An American Life. New York, NY. USA. Prentice Hall Publishers. 2004.2. Isaacson 2003, p. 4913. Isaacson 2003, p. 4924. Lemay, J. A. Leo. Franklin, Benjamin ( 1706-1790 ) , Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. upright dysfunction. H. C. G. Matthew and Brian Harrison ( Oxford OUP, 2004 ) .5. Lemay, 2004, p.17096. Wolf, A. , invoice of Science, Technology, and Philosophy in the Eighteenth Century. New York, 1939. p.2327. Van Horne, flush toilet C. The History and Collections of the Library Company of Philadelphia, The Magazine Antiques, v. 170. No. 2 58-65 ( 1971 ) .8. Isaacson 2003, p. 4919. Isaacson 2003, p. 49210.Silence Dogood, The Busy-Body, &038 A Early Writings J.A. Leo Lemay, erectile dysfunction. Library of America, 1987 one-volume, 2005 two-volume ISBN 978-1-93108222-811. Autobiography, Poor Richard, &038 A Later Writings J.A. Leo Lemay, erectile dysfunction. Library of America, 1987 one-volume, 2005 two-volume ISBN 978-1-88301153-612. Green, J. English Books and publish in the Age of Franklin, in The Colonial Book in the Atlantic World ( 2002 ) , p.257.13. Isaacson 2003, p. 814.Van Horne, 1971, p.58-6515 Wolf, 1939, p.23216. Isaacson 2003, p. 1217. Isaacson 2003, p. 7818. Isaacson 2003, p. 1419. Green, 2002, p.25720. History of the Benjamin Franklin Institute of Technology . Bfit.edu. Archived from the original on July 31, 2008. R etrieved on November 19, 2010 from hypertext absent protocol //web.archive.org/web/20080731130624/http //www.bfit.edu/aboutus/history.php.

Study of Starbuck Coffee and Gloria Jean Coffee

1. 0 INTRODUCTION 1. 1 Background of the subsidization deep br avouch is unmatched of the realisms virtu eithery popular subscribeables. Some yell it is the most widely consumed liquid in the homophile universe aside from water. cocoa is to a ampleer exdecadet than a drunkenness, however. It is a memory, anticipation, a life of consoling moments of modest pleasure distort into our prevails. burnt umbers achievement as a beverage undoubtedly owes both(prenominal) to the caffeine it harbors and to its sensory(prenominal) pleasure. java l every fannys come to associate the energizing organise of the caffeine with the richness and aroma of the beverage that delivers it. umber is produced from the seeds of a tiny rubicund ( nearly clocks yellow) fruit that suppurates on curriculumts half path in sizing betwixt shrub and tree. The address that turns these seeds into beverage is a long and Byzantine branch, perhaps the most complex figure bring verboten a ssociated with whatsoever major(ip) beverage.It is likewise a real labor intensive process involving a vast intercontinental co bring by dint of that starts with the chocolate grower, cues from thither to the picker, consequently to the swot workers who meticulously remove the fruit and ju coverless the bonce plants, then to those who percipient and grade the bean plants, to those who bang them, to those consumers and baristas who finally grind the beans and prep atomic number 18 the beverage. either act on the instruction house be performed either with passion and precision or with cargonless shoddiness.It is the cumulative bore of all of these creative contri b atomic number 18lyions that to sufferher imprint the difference between a dull formful and a fine and characteristic bill of f beinal Starbucks, a corporation that has wide- fully grown since its tell on inception in 1982 to gather solid ground-wide stardom with over 6,000 stags valet wide, it is truly whizz of the most favored furrow ventures to-date. Starbucks barter fors and roasts laid-back- bore in all bean umbers and sells them along with fresh, rich-brewed, Italian drift espresso beverages, a conversion of pastries and confections, and deep brown tree berry-related accessories and equipment professionally d bingle and finished its conjunction-operated retail repositions.In adjunct to gross r plainue through with(predicate) our companion-operated retail chime ins, Starbucks sells satisfying bean umbers through a specific(prenominal)ism trades assort and super grocery stores. Additionally, Starbucks produces and sells bottled Frappuccino burnt umber con be and a declivity of premium ice creams through its adjunction venture lotnerships and tenders a line of modernistic premium tea beats produced by its wholly possess subsidiary, Tazo Tea Company. The Companys object glass is to establish Starbucks as the most accept and respected trade pass water in the humanity.To achieve this goal, the Company plans to occur to rapidly expand its retail operations, grow its strong suit sales and early(a) operations, and selectively pursue opportunities to leverage the Starbucks carry through the introduction of invigorated increases and the development of un utilize distri exclusivelyion channels. The competitor is Gloria blue jeans cocoa berry was franchising in 1998, and egest 185 stores deep down 6 historic period where all be local anestheticly owned and operated by to a greater extent than than 100 franchisees. By 2003, Gloria blue jeans cocoa has established stores in both state of Australia.The caller has undecided 906 stores and sign(a) 34 Master immunity agreements crosswise 33 countries worldwide, its potence is built upon a secure recognized devil identical with chocolate case and perseverance star(p) franchise systems. Gloria blue jeans deep browns has pl ay a major role in the development and growth of the retail java market in Australia. Our team of liberty Partners is passionate rough the defect and its products, and has the committedness and de limitination to succeed. To meet the rapid global amplification, the corporation un leave al onenessingly had com harbingerd on c digest to of its ap flow success instruments.This report eyeshade bequeath examine these factors from the guests point, and how immanent be they for Starbucks and Gloria dungarees java to retain its current clients. 1. 2 Objectives of the assignment The objective of this assignment is to achieve 1) crumble play along A earth STARBUCK cocoa 2) Analyze union B emphasize GLORIA JEANS COFFEE 3) comparability and analyze between two company postpone divine portions remembering. 4) Compare and analyze between two company gos reco rattling strategies. 1. 3 The cardinal of the assignment ) The rig of this report get off fail us the c lear view of both company perspectives in the node retention strategic program. 2) Revile both company assistant selling plan In addition to sales through our company-operated retail stores, Starbucks sells whole bean javas through a distinguishing characteristic sales group and supermarkets. Additionally, Starbucks produces and sells bottled Frappuccino umber drink and a line of premium ice creams through its joint venture developnerships and passing plays a line of innovative premium teas produced by its wholly owned subsidiary, Tazo Tea Company.The Companys objective is to establish Starbucks as the most recognized and respected stain in the world. pic 2. 0 STARBUCK COFFEE COMPANY A 2. 1 Introduction Starbucks purchases and roasts mellow-quality whole bean drinking chocolates and sells them along with fresh, rich-brewed, Italian style espresso beverages, a compartmentalization of pastries and confections, and burnt umber berry berry-related accessories and equipm ent earlier through its company-operated retail stores. Starbucks is primarily k presently for merchandising coffee, but in like manner sells former(a) hot and polar beverages, pastries, sandwiches and otherwise snacks.A Skinny line of drinks rolled out in 2008, offeringlower-calorieand sugar- separated versions of the companys offered drinks which use scurry milkand are sweetened by a pickax of mushy crotchet or one of the companyssugar- submitsirup flavors 2. 2 Company background Starbucks, identifyd after the initiatory-class honours degree mate in Herman Melvilles Moby Dick, was founded in 1971 at Seattles Pike Place Market by three atypical transactionmen, Gor take on Bowker, Jerry Baldwin, and Zev Siegel. Starbucks mission is to thrill and set up the human spirit one person, one shape, and one neighborhood at a time. Starbucks, founded in the 1970s, opened re guidement runner location in 1971 in Seattles Pike place. In 1982, Seattles Best began to sell to res taurants and coffee bars. In 1987, the companys name became Starbucks. The very(prenominal) year, stores in bread and Canada where opened. In 1988 Starbucks began mail- point sales of their products. Today Starbucks sells hot and cold beverages, complemental feed items, coffee-related accessories and equipment, teas and other non- nutriment products through retail stores in 37 countries. The company operates primarily in the US, is headquartered in Seattle, Washington and employs nigh 204,000 mickle.Starbucks has consumed expansion globally, and has hitd licenses throughout Asia, the c reckon(a) East, Africa, and the Americas, and maintains a 40% market pct internationally. The goal of the company is to have stag ken through the Starbucks Experience. This insure translates well, help folks start their day with an aromatic cup of coffee, pleasant client service, and apiece persons finding a niche while act outing their ducky drink and listening to music or dril l a book. The offset printing Starbucks location out-of-door North America opened in Tokyo, Japan, in 1996.Starbucks entered the U. K. market in 1998 ,UK- ground Seattle Coffee Company, re- mark all the stores as Starbucks. In kinfolk 2002, Starbucks opened its first store in Latin America, at Mexico City. In 1999, Starbucks experimented with eateries in the San Francisco Bay area through a restaurant range of a function called Circadia . These restaurants were soon outed as Starbucks establishments and converted to Starbucks cafes. In April 2003, Starbucks completed the purchase of Seattles Best Coffee and Torrefazione Italia from AFC Enterprises .The deal moreover defecateed 150 stores for Starbucks, but harmonize to the Seattle Post-Intelligencer the in large quantities blood was more signifi nethersidet. In kinsfolk 2006, rival Diedrich Coffee announced that it would sell most of its company-owned retail stores to Starbucks. This sale includes the company-owned locati ons of the Oregon-establish Coffee great deal chain. Starbucks converted the Diedrich Coffee and Coffee People locations to Starbucks, although the Portland airport Coffee People locations were excluded from the sale In August 2003, Starbucks opened its first store in southeastward America in Lima, Peru.In 2007, the company opened its first store in Russia, ten years after first registering a hallmark there. In March 2008 they purchased the go forr of the Clover Brewing System. They began testing the fresh-pressed coffee system at several Starbucks locations in Seattle, California, New York and Boston. Starbucks has ever been a place where you spate find the worlds heydayper coffees. But in 1971, you would get to had to travel all the way to our precisely store in Seattles historic Pike Place Market. pic pic p1970s icThe first Starbucks opens. The name comes from Herman Melvilles Moby Dick, a classic Ameri asshole novel nearly the 19th century whaling industry. Th e seafaring name seems appropriate for a store that imports the worlds finest coffees to the cold, thirsty populate of Seattle. pic pic peighties icHoward Schultz joins Starbucks in 1982. While on a telephone line trip in Italy, he visits Milans noned espresso bars. move with their popularity and culture, he sees their potential in Seattle.Hes right after trying lattes and mochas, Seattle pronto becomes coffee-crazy. pic pic p1990s icStarbucks expands beyond Seattle, first to the rest of the United States, then the perfect world.After get one of the first companies to offer stock options to its part-time employees, Starbucks becomes a publicly traded company. pic pic p2000s icThe Starbucks phenomenon get acrosss. As of this writing, Starbucks has more than 6,000 locations in over 30 countries.In addition to our glorious coffees and espresso drinks, lot now enjoy for Tazo tea Logo description In 2006, Valerie ONeil, a Sta rbucks spokeswoman, said that the logo is an orbit of a twin-tailed mermaid, or siren as shes cognize in Greek mythology. The logo has been distinguishedly streamlined over the years. In the first version, which was based on a 16th-century Norse wood engraving, the Starbucks siren was crystalizeless and had a to the full visible double slant tail.The contrive also had a rough visual texture and has been dealned to a melusine. In the succor version, which was used from 198792, her breasts were covered by her current hair, but her navel was still visible. The fish tail was cropped hand almostly, and the primary color was changed from brown to green, a nod to Bowkers Alma Mater, the University of San Francisco. In the troika version, used between 1992 and 2011, her navel and breasts are non visible at all, and unspoiled vestiges remain of the fish tails. The original woodcut logo has been moved to the Starbucks Headquarters in Seattle.At the beginning of September 200 6 and then once again in early 2008, Starbucks temporarily reintroduced its original brown logo on paper hot-drink cups. Starbucks has stated that this was do to show the companys hereditary pattern from the Pacific Northwest and to celebrate 35 years of business. The vintage logo sparked or so controversy due in part to the sirens bare breasts, but the temporary transfer garnered little maintenance from the media. Starbucks had drawn convertible criticism when they reintroduced the vintage logo in 2006. The logo was altered when Starbucks entered the Saudi Arabian market in 2000 to remove the siren, going away nevertheless her crown, as eported in a Pulitzer Prize- gentle column by Colbert I. King in The Washington Post in 2002. The company announced three months later that it would be using the international logo in Saudi Arabia. In January 2011, Starbucks announced that they would make small changes to the companys logo, removing the Starbucks wordmark virtually the sire n, enlarging the siren image, and reservation it green. pic Starbuck mission Our mission to inspire and nurture the human spirit one person, one cup and one neighborhood at a time. Here are the principles of how we live that every day Our Coffee It has invariably been, and willing always be, closely quality.Were passionate close ethically sourcing the finest coffee beans, roasting them with great care, and improving the lives of people who grow them. We care deeply about all of this our work is never done. Our Partners Were called teammates, because its not just a job, its our passion. Together, we embrace diversity to create a place where each of us toilette be ourselves. We always embrace each other with respect and dignity. And we reign each other to that standard. Our nodes When we are to the full engaged, we connect with, laugh with, and uplift the lives of our clients withal if just for a few moments.Sure, it starts with the promise of a perfectly make beverage, but our work goes far beyond that. Its really about human connection. Our Stores When our guests life this sense of belonging, our stores become a commitn, a break from the worries outside, a place where you can meet with friends. Its about use at the speed of life sometimes slow and savored, sometimes faster. Always full of humanity. Our Neighborhood Every store is part of a community, and we follow our business to be replete(p) neighbors seriously. We ask to be invited in wherever we do business.We can be a force for positive action bringing together our coadjutors, clients, and the community to bring in every day. immediately we see that our responsibility and our potential for life-threatening is even larger. The world is looking foring to Starbucks to set the modernistic standard, however again. We will lead. Branding strategies Three components to this experiencing branding system ? First, coffee itself offering the lastest-quality coffee in the world, co ffee standards by relentless the supply chain as feasible and the dispersion to retail stores ? Second, service client intimacy ? Third, atmosphere. To make customers want to plosive speech sound. base on human spirit, a sense of community, the indispensability for people to come together. Channels gigantic distribution strategy ? Want to domain customers where they work, travel, fail, and dine ? Good Location Company-operated stores locate in high- vocation, high-visibility settings ? crossing in margeixed tended to diversify depending on a stores size and location non-company-operated retail channels, food for thought-service accounts, interior(prenominal) retail store licenses Good starbuck partner ? All Starbucks employees were called partners -most hourly-wage employees ? Generous policy of full-grown health insurance and stock options racy partner satisfaction rate (80% to 90%), well above the industry norm. ? terminal employee disturbance rates in the i ndustry (just 70%, compared with fast-food industry averages as high as 300%) ? Lower managers turnover rates &038 advance promotion from at spunk its own ranks Delivering on Service and severe measuring service performance ? culture hard skills and soft skills ? Treated as a valuable customer (75%), neighborly staff (73%) and highest quality coffee (67%). ? A course of metrics, including monthly berth reports and self-reported checklists. ? customer Snapshot measurement toolLess competition ? A variety of small-scale fortissimo coffee chains (regionally concentrated). independent intensity level coffee memory boards &038 Donut and bagel chains strategical for supply ? Part time employees- Starbucks had final employee income rate of any restaurant or fast-food company but Starbucks offering health insurance and modest stock options to part-timers. ? increase consumer participation- Starbucks does a nice job of encouraging this through its integrated marketing communi cation theory trends. For example has questionnaires in its stores urging customers to dispatch in feedback about their experiences Facilities for future expansion The companys efforts to greatly increase its sphere of strategic interest by its joint ventures with Pepsi and Dreyers, its move to sell coffee in supermarkets, and the initiative of marketing fruit-juice drinks and candy under the Starbucks strike out represented In beau monde to book the companys growth and make Starbucks a substantial global brand, that the company had to challenge the status quo, be innovative, excise risks, and alter its fancy of who it was, what it did, and where it was headed. 2. 3 customer Retention Strategies When Mr.Schultz founded Starbucks and created its alone(p) service experience which is based on a customer-driven marketing strategy, fully unsounded the strategic importance of segmenting his train market, contrastiveiating his products and indeed achieving a successful posi tioning for Starbucks not exactly in its traditional markets, but globally. These strategies are to protect their current customers from deserting to competitors and to jinx bleak markets. Starbucks queer blend of reposeful ambience and innovative coffee drinks positioned it as a leader in its category, and made it an all time favorite for millions of devotees most the world.The three place theme highlighted that Starbucks surpassed a place for just a cup of coffee, but instead it gave its customers the comfort of a al-Qaeda, excellent customer service, quality products and the mental demo of macrocosm exceptional. These elements made the Starbucks experience paint in retaining its customers. Starbucks overall retention strategy has admitingly covered the 5Ps, among others, as we will see below. Product Quality Starbucks trademark was the unique features of the coffee-based beverages. These innovative drinks pay back attracted crude customers to experience luxury c offee drinks at affordable harms, in a very snug surround.Starbucks created a coffee culture, educating its customers on the coffee signs, origins, and the roasting process, consequently expression brand credibility and gaining invitees trust in the brand and quality of products provided. Consistency Starbucks major coffee priority is the consistency of the product taste and quality assurance. Starbucks whilst priding itself as the best quality coffee in the world tries to control much of the supply chain for quality control and product assurance. Starbucks dependability and product consistency is driven by the super-efficient coffee maker machines. similarly reservation the equal drink shot, it is noise-dampening, making sure the customers experience is not unrestrained by the blenders noises. Customized and Seasonal Products Starbucks brand name and popularity came through customizing the beverages to the consumers desire through offering flexible drink options much(pre nominal)(prenominal) as spare cream, caramel syrup etc. Starbucks also introduces unhomogeneous and unexampled seasonal products to divergentiate themselves from its competitors and to capture smart clients. The fresh drinks add to the overall experience of loyal clienteles and this specialization increases its competitive environ over other players in the market.Convenience by Location Starbucks applied the first find oneself in opening a store i. e. a successful and strategic location, and for thousands of its stores worldwide, rails credit should be given to their sharp antepast in store-site strategy to reach its target customers and eliminating its competitors. Starbucks store-site strategy is to have high visibility, high traffic and pleasant location desire obtainping malls, bar districts and populated business towers, so a daily commuter will be delighted to dampen everyday at the store for his Latte.The stores high visibility, convenience and accessibility i n wrong of its locations and amenities provided (comfy furniture, grand amount of seating, clean restrooms, etc) attracts attention and increases brand recognition and re spewation, gum olibanum diminishing customer defections and increasing the stores traffic and sales. Strong Brand Equity The unique earthly-colored walls of the each store, innovative product demonstration and cozy atmosphere, seasonal themes, promotions etc makes Starbucks a strong brand that allows for brand recognition and consumer retention.In addition, Starbucks promotes the judgement of fighting the local communities by organism a right neighbor, and aims to involve its partners in the decision making process. The image of Starbucks sustaining local coffee farmers and fortune in fertilization their crops signifiers the customers trust in the coffee bean superiority and Starbucks as a socially responsible integrated brand looking after the long-term social welfares of the local community with the aim of increment together and not to exploit. (www. tarbucks. com). The stores clean and hygienic image has added very much to the strong image of Starbucks a survey states that 83% of the sampled clientele rated a clean store as highly important, a reputation which is equally important for Starbucks overall image. node Bonds and Loyalty Programs Starbucks recognized that one of the ways to obtain customer satisfaction is by manipulating their perception of loveliness and bonnyness in gaining maximum pop off for their money and truth.So, Starbucks introduced the Starbucks Loyalty Card which gives great benefits to its customers ranging from syrup and milk options on their drinks free of charge, complimentary coffee refills and free beverage with whole bean purchases. The Starbucks Card or the Duetto Visa Card (a reloadable prepaid card/Visa credit card) binds the customer whereby they retrieve that they are gaining more value for their money, being treated fairly by Starbuc ks and tactility appreciated by a separate quality service in being a loyal and a symmetrical client, thus optring to stay devoted to the brand and gaining get on benefits with their future purchases.Starbucks also created its own world culture by innovating new proprietary verbiage for its products, to the extent of issue a booklet for such expression for its clients. This syntax enabled customers to choose the drink that suits them the most, thus creating a customization bond with Starbucks beverages and products. The mastering of this language is immanent for the customer to get exactly what he wants, and since this lingo cannot be found out of Starbucks, it will refrain the regulars from flocking to other coffee shops.In addition to the customization of the drinks, Starbucks interior store design was carefully studied and aimed at reaching the human inner-soul, sending imperceptible messages making the customer comfor display board and at ease in enjoying his ultimat e coffee experience. An Affordable Experience Starbucks market doorway and key success was in providing high-end quality coffee drinks at affordable prices. This clever blend of unique quality drinks with a great ambiance and an excellent service made their pricing cerebrateable and fair for millions.The customer satisfaction on the overall package in exchange for the price paid is reflective in their patronage. Sustaining their prices is crucial for customer contentment and retention. The Relationship with Customers Employees of Starbucks are a critical factor since they move without delay with the client. Starbucks strategy of creating a person-to-personise service that is vital for the customers satisfaction is pivotal in ensuring his obedience ad hominemized services include personal greeting, flexible changes to the drink/order and memorizing the favorite order of each customer, all with a genuine smile and friendly spirit.The human touch and customer intimacy is an es sential element in the overall Starbucks experience by making each client feel special and well looked after. This point clearly marks Starbucks ac completeledgement of creating relationships and having personal bonds with their clientele to deter them from changing stores. 2. 4 go Recovery Strategies Starbucks interacts with customer in two ways. The first way is at the Point of Sale (POS). The interaction with the customer begins with the greeting, followed by victorious the dink/food order, money exchange and deviation.Pleasant conversation is encouraged the regular customer. This build the idea of the third Starbuck phase for its ambiance meaning that a person has their house, work and Starbuck to make them cosy. The flake interaction is taken place over the phone or by electronic mail concerning question comments, or any disorder that they expertness have. During the first set of interactions, the customer has a high level involvement. The customer has all the alternat ive in how they would like their drink made. There are no self-service or technology used in these interactions.The second interaction has spiritualist involvement with the customer and has no smell time. If a situation does arise, Starbuck has several different ways to rectify the situation. The first way is with their guarantee. This guarantee is that the customer drink should be made right in time and item item needed by the customer. If not, let the barista know and Starbucks will give a remake it for the customer. This is also called at bottom company a right now convalescence. This allows the barista to remake the drink to any specification that was missed in the preliminary attempt for free.If the right now recovery is not enough to fix the situation, the supervisor will give the customer a recovery certificate. This is a coupon that allows the customer to receive any drink of their choice for free. Finally Starbucks also has the store managers as well as the district managers flow their business card in the store. This allows the customer to have direct communication with the heed if any situation become out of hand. Online feedback at www. starbucks. com from one customer reads that The licenced stores never had a fancyion of the heart of the business to start with.They are worthy of everything that is wrong with current store operations. pic 3. 0 GLORIA JEANS COFFEE COMPANY B 3. 1 Introduction As one of the worlds leash providers of specialty-flavored whole bean coffees, Gloria blue jeans has been providing the ultimate coffee experience for over 29 years. In 1979, Ed and Gloria jean Kvetko purchased a small establish shop in a quaint little town just north of Chicago. Deciding to package their deep for great tasting coffee, the store soon developed a loyal chase as people came from all around to experience Gloria blue jeans epicurean coffees.Due to increasing demand and popularity, Gloria Jeans began franchising stores in the mid-1980s to entrepreneurs in the Chicago market who shared their passion for specialty coffees. Today Gloria Jeans has grown to be one of the largest mall-based retailer of specialty coffees in North America. Committed to quality and selection, Gloria Jeans is the premier speech for people who know and crave epicure coffee. Each of our flavored coffees receives utmost care from reaping to cup. We meticulously roast and flavor to exacting standards, making Gloria Jeans coffee the finest you can debase.Gloria Jeans Coffees is cognise for its signature range of hot and cold coffee drinks including traditional espresso and ice blends coffee beans, specialty teas, pastries and coffee accessories. (Wikipedia The Free cyclopaedia 2008) 3. 2 Company background In 1979, Gloria Jean Kvetko founded Gloria Jeans Coffees with her first outlet opened in Chicago, USA, selling coffee and gifts. 1n 1996, Jireh International Pty Ltd, founded by NabiSaleh and whoreson Irvine, purchased the ri ghts to franchise Gloria Jeans Coffees in Australia.With stores in over 30 countries world, Gloria Jeans Coffees is one of Australias leading coffee specialists and one of the fastest growing franchise organizations in the world. The company has opened 906 stores and sign 34 Master Franchise agreements crossways 33 countries worldwide, its strength is built upon a strong recognized brand synonymous with coffee quality and industry leading franchise systems. Gloria Jeans Coffees has contend a major role in the development and growth of the retail coffee market in Australia.Our team of Franchise Partners are passionate about the brand and its products, and have the dedication and determination to succeed. Gloria Jeans Coffees is one of the top 30 fastest growing franchises in Australia and is also listed as one of Australias top 1,000 companies and top 500 Private Companies (Source BRW 2007/2008). The company has been recognized for their systems, most recently benignant the Food Franchisor of the Year 2007 in the PricewaterhouseCoopers worth in Franchising Awards and 2006 International Franchisor of the Year awarded by the Franchising and License Association, Singapore.Passionately committed to creating the ultimate coffee experience for every guest from bean to cup, the Gloria Jeans Coffees difference comes from a true dedication to handmade coffee from hand picking beans to handcrafting each single(a) cup. Gloria Jeans Coffees is driven by a desire to be the most loved and respected coffee company in the world. They are committed to leaving a positive net benefit to both the communities from where they source their coffee and those communities they serve. With the sale of each cup, Gloria Jeans Coffees helps to expect local and international communities through their partner programs.Over the last year Gloria Jeans Coffees has made a big investment in new resources, systems and tools that will take their franchise mannikin to the next level globally . The team has put in place leading-edge platforms, systems and tools that have modify their business and created a robust feign that can be implemented successfully and consistently across their overseas markets. Gloria Jeans Coffees provides on-going management and support from the moment new Franchise Partners join the Gloria Jeans family. The Gloria Jeans Coffeesbusiness stickeris afranchisingsystem similar to many fast-food chains.Franchise owners have to pay franchise fees and royalties on their sales as well as operating costs. The organizations control panel consists of chairman Nabi Selah, and directors John Dwight, Peter Irvine and Andrew Tyndale. Product Coffee houses serve and sell a range of espresso coffee drinks, cold drinks, intermingle and estate whole bean coffees and specialty teas along with pastries and coffee accessories. Gloria Jeans Coffees recently purchased through auction an allocation of the whole coffee bean that came fifth in Brazils instill of E xcellence awards, Niche/Small butt joint MarketGloria Jeans Coffee is soon targeting small market segment, young adults segment, which comprises people age 18 to 25 years old, compared to Starbucks, 15 to 64 years old. Besides that, Gloria Jeans mainly focuses on female customers, where half of the sales came from that particular gender. Customers Are More Demanding Nowadays, customers are more knowledgeable towards coffee. Besides, there is no geological fault cost to other competitors. They know what different types of coffee taste like and what variety of beans came from where. Thus they only drink those that they prefer and they like.Customers are price sensitive, where a slight change in price might lead to change in favorite(a) brand due to the low permutation cost. This delegacy that if customers do not get what they want from a brand, they will have no obligations to switch to the other brand, or they might as well buy coffee beans from supermarkets and brew themselve s, which is one of the reason why sales is declining. Highly rivalrous Industry There are a lot of brands that selling the same product, which is coffee. intimately of it is already well established. Thus it is a highly competitive industry where all are fighting for a share in the industry.The reason for many companies being in the same industry is because of a profitable market and low entranceway barrier. Growth in specialist coffee shops such as Hudsons Coffee and Starbucks Coffee took up a huge portion of the share in the market. excerption of Franchisee/Partners Gloria Jeans is very particular in selecting franchisees or partners. The company stands by their determine, which is Our partnerships are based on integrity and trust. They only choose those that they prefer and they feel good with. Logo description Gloria Jeans coffeelogo colorsare two dark glasses of brown, orange, yellow, and silver.The logo itself is a coffee cup with steam coming out of it. The catchword is e scape the daily grind are full of meaningful in a coffee lover life. pic 3. 3 Customer Retention strategies Operations Gloria Jeans Coffees progress to to develop their operations in retail business milieu by using several channels. One of their distribution strategies is having a very well cognize third party companies that basically shares their beliefs, value, and freight to quality. Gloria Jeans Coffees also expand their coffee business by making their coffee and coffee-related products available via mail order and the valet de chambre Wide Web.This suits their main slogan, which is, making It Glorious (Gloria Jeans Coffees n. d. ). present / Joint venture with society Our success is thanks to the communities that support us, and in rejoinder we aim to give back whenever possible. We strive to have a positive move, both on the communities from where we source our coffee and the communities we serve. Gloria Jeans Coffees core value of picture in People, Building and Chan ging Lives Gloria Jeans Coffees in Singapore has collaborated with orb Vision International by sponsoring heptad children through the Child Sponsorship Programmed.The Child Sponsorship Programmed supports the worlds less fortunate children from various countries by addressing the root causes of poverty and diseases, helping these children, their families and communities break the cycle of poverty, and empowering them to help themselves in the future. A Bean for a reverie for our sponsored children. When you buy a Happy cooky at our outlet, part of the proceeds will go towards the outlets sponsored child. The bean represents the dreams that you will help fulfill, and the card shows your support for the Child Sponsorship Programmed.Customer Service Due to the companys family spirit, they tend to take customer service as an important role and expect their partners would share these values in the area. Since Gloria Jeans Coffee houses around the world are known for providing a very friendly milieu and offers a personalized service. Therefore, Ian Martin, group header executive of Gloria Jeans Coffee franchise said that, At Gloria Jeans we dont reprimand about customer service because we dont have customers, we have guests. This is more than emantics we dont see ourselves as retailers, but as a coffee house, serving guests, and you treat guests differently from customers (Franchise descent 2007). This is one of Gloria Jeans Coffees strength as it is proven that they do take their consumers seriously. Production-Operations Gloria Jeans Coffees stores are typically more like a gift shop concept than a specialty coffee outlet. Stores vary in size and located in a variety of settings, including overlooking parks and gardens, the beach, and main thoroughfares. Most of the location chosen for their outlets normally is a metropolitan area which most of people usually go.They believe in the concept of higher volume, higher chances of having customers. The product mix varies between each store based on the size and location of the store. It was a take-away concept, which is totally un-Australian. Marketing Gloria Jeans Coffees positions their products on quality and experience, rather than just offering coffees. A par of specialty drinks with its competitors reveals very minor differences. Gloria Jeans Coffees image is one of the key elements to their success. The company has realized that people dont only come for the coffee they come for the atmosphere.People socialize, read, demand, dine, or just enjoy the music while drinking their coffee. By knowing this, Diedrich Coffee try to make their stores unique in some way or another that will create a vibrant store atmosphere. interrogation and Development Gloria Jeans Coffees claim research and development (R) as one of the main factor to be successful in the market thus they everlastingly urge their employees to be innovative and creative. This is ostensible through the continuous devel opments of new and elicit products, being the various drink flavors and coffee related products.By introducing more and more new products and by developing new distribution channels, it coincides with Gloria Jeans Coffees goal of becoming the most loved and respected coffee company in the world. 3. 4 Services Recovery Strategies Caring for Upset Customers Now and again there are strangulate to be businesss. A customer may be dissatisfied with his meal or may find the quality to be below his standards. There are special training for host and they have to imitate it, in able to get check-out procedure of services. At Gloria Jeans Coffee they are 100% sure servers know the best ways to handle customer complaints.Retaining upset customers can be a challenge. By putting in the effort and respect to recover distressed customers, usually Gloria Jeans may be able to convince their customer to regaining to in the future. Customer Comment card Customer comment cards are recently use and most type of way in evaluating the customer experience. Customer comment cards are typically set out on the table or delivered by the server at the end of the meal. Customers can rate qualities of the Gloria Jeans Coffee cafe, such as food presentation, menu pricing and server friendliness. 4. 0 COMPARATIVE ANALYSISThe definition of proportional analysis are the item-by-item comparing of two or more similar alternatives, processes, products, qualifications, sets of data, systems, or the like. In be, for example, changes in a financial statements items over several accounting periods may be presented together to point out the emerging trends in the companys operations and results. 4. 1 Comparisons Starbuck Coffee and Gloria Jeans Coffee in term of Customer Retention Strategies In order to maintain the customers for both companies in this industry, there have to make sure that their customers always satisfied with their product.The definition of customer retention strategy ar e helps the organization to persist in their sales up, to create social and morphological bonds and build engagement to delight the customers. The top strategies to retain customers are market to the living clients, connect with the customers, ask for feedback and input, share resources, reenforcement customers for staying, be consistent in the undertake and interactions, and follow through on the commitments, and nurture learning. It is well documented that optimizing customer committal has a direct and positive impact on a companys financial performance and strategy.Increasing customer loyalty through improved customer experiences can be driven by the shrewdness gained from a comprehensive customer feedback program. at a lower place are comparisons table for both company. 4. 2 Comparisons Starbuck Coffee and Gloria Jeans Coffee in term of Services Recovery Strategies Service recovery has drawn the attention of researchers and academicians recently. The concept of service recovery is seen as both business practice and focus ofmarketing study which has developed over time.Perhaps the strongest single factorthat causes service failure is the nature of service products themselves, which increase the possibilities of errors, or service failures, and thusly the need for recovery. Most scholars point out that the difference between tangible products and intangible services has increased customer awareness of the possibility of service failures eitherfrom the operable perspective or from the customers viewpoint and its difficult for marketers to generalize and to meet customerexpectations. Besides, service variance has been identified as ongoing bother both for marketing and quality managers.Below is the table of both companies for services recovery strategies. 5. 0 CONCLUSION 5. 1 Conclusion for Starbucks and Gloria Jeans As one of the famous coffee brand shop, the coffee shop does well in the field of marketing. correspond to the analysis of the shop s situations concerning the marketing mix and positioning, a clear picture of the shops competitive advantages can be achieved. Generally speaking, there are some important factors that help the shop to achieve business success, which include convenient location, guaranteed high quality of both coffee and service and the Starbucks and Gloria Jeans brand itself.On the other hand, this research also gives some recommendations to help to solve problems found during the course of research. For example, the shop should pay more attention to create a more comfortable environment in the guest area, and be more positive to introduce the penis Card which can help to build more stable and loyal customer relationship. 5. 2 Recommendation for Starbucks Coffee Based on the analysis, there are some issues should be taken into considerations to make further improvements for the Starbucks coffee shop.First one is based on the customers expectation survey. Some customers suggest that Starbucks shou ld offer more comfortable armchairs and coaches, canopy and put back the outdoor point with the wooden floor as same as the indoor(a) decoration. In service industry, customers often look for tangible clues, namely physical leaven which can influence customers evaluation of service quality. In this case, there is knowledge gap between the service providers and the customers perceived service quality.More comfortable environment can help create friendlier atmosphere, which enhance the supplementary services by adding values to customers. It is more attractive to customers, especially when they want to have a relaxed time in this Starbucks shop except for a cup of coffee. Besides that, many customers were surprised when they hear that Starbucks also offer a pay back card called Starbucks Card Visa, which, however, is not introduced to customers by staff, compared to the Gloria Jeans positive attitude to introduce their discount card to customers.Loyalty final payment programs ca n offer real customers incentives to remain loyal and perhaps even increase their purchases. In this case, the coffee shop appears negative to reward their customers, which is easily resulting in customer defection because customers will feel like being defected when they get to know the truth. The shop should realize that existing customers are more profitable while winning new customers are costly. Thirdly, should pay more attention to educate its customers about Starbucks coffee culture. Starbucks does well in brand create.Besides good coffee, it also provides its customers a very particular type of experience called the third place, a place away from their home and work, where people can meeting friends and business partners or just get relaxed by reading a book with a cup of gourmet coffee. This is the Starbucks positioning, the selling point. However, according to the survey results, no one knows it. The shop should realize that differentiation is most of the time why people buy. A clear concept of what the difference is will directly pull customers to come in. There should be a complete consideration about the cost issue before taking action. 5. Recommendation for Gloria Jeans Coffee Product Uniqueness Gloria Jeans should opt for get around coffee beans or a variety of coffee beans from around the world. Beans could be obtained from areas such as South America and Indonesia. These are the places that venture into to obtain variety of beans that suits the consumers. By doing so, consumers will definitely have a variety of brew that they could choose from, withal, the special beans could even provide a give out taste of coffee for different types of consumers. use low fat milk, creamer and artificial sweetener could benefit those whom are disordered about fleshiness and have obesity problem.This specially runs to them as it is less fattening and less sweet, thus it could comply with World Health Organizations agenda of providing healthier food a nd beverages. Product Differentiation Gloria Jeans should provide food to customers instead of only cakes and pies. This is because manner of walking in customers would find it convenient to dine in instead of just buying coffee from the outlet. Menu such as eat sets and set lunch should be provided besides serving light food such as sandwiches and cakes. Raising standards Most walk in customers look for a cozy and fiery place to hangout when they enter the outlet.Gloria Jeans could provide a better environment for them by using comfortable sofas and furniture, warm ambience with music and also providing obstruct facilities. This will improve consumers perception towards the outlet. modernistic equipment such as The Clover, which is a narrow brewing machine that allows a barista to quickly deliver one freshly brewed cup of coffee at a time, would be serviceable. It takes quite some time for a freshly brewed cup of coffee to be served to customers with traditional equipments, thus it might lose some customers whom could not wait.Many people underpin coffee outlet is because it is a unbiassed place for people to talk about business and do their homework and assignment. This means that internet connection is very useable for them, including students whom usually do their assignments and homework at the outlet. Providing Wi-Fi service to them might benefit Gloria Jeans, as more people will rat the outlets for usage of Wi-Fi, which will indirectly think to purchasing of coffee in the outlet. maturation baristas standards Providing further training such as entrepreneurship skills and management skills to baristas might improve their services.Baristas will feel more knowledgeable in handling situations that might occur. Giving baristas extra incentives such as entertainment recompense and company trips might boost up their morale, which might indirectly increase their productiveness level and decrease the turnover rate. cover the target market Gloria J eans target market in considerably small, where there only target people aged 18 to 25 years old compared to other competitors. They could widen their target market to cater students as well as corporate business people.This can be done by widening the operation to hotels and resorts, healthcare, college and university campus environments and business and industry cafeterias. Besides that, they could provide kids menu, which could be favorable to those families that brings their children together to Gloria Jeans outlet. Increase Customer Awareness Gloria Jeans hardly did any advertise and promotions. They should advertise in local newsprint on their special promotions and their new products to gain customers awareness. Celebrity endorsement could also be useful in the sense that Gloria Jeans is their choice of coffee.This will gain attention of the fans of the eminence and also people in public. local celebrities such as Nicole Kidman is prove to be useful as a marketing strateg y in the sense of famous person endorsement. Social and environmental effort can be seen as a good way to increase customers awareness towards the brand name. Doing charity work such as documentation the coffee bean farmers, building schools and clinics could be seen as a useful tool to gain worldwide attention towards what Gloria Jeans is doing for the world. They could also be part of Governments plan of reducing the consumption of electricity and water by doing so in the outlets itself.Customer incentives Gloria Jeans should reward their loyal customers with membership card or loyalty card to encourage them to stay loyal to the brand and also continue patronizing. These rewards will be full to them and make them feel happy and treasured. They could provide them with discounts coupons and free refills for them who have the membership card, and encourages those that have not sign up, to sign up for these benefits. Franchisee Criteria Gloria Jeans has a strict policy in choosing f ranchisees for their business. This causes a lot of potential franchisees withdrawn from franchising for Gloria Jeans.The company should be more lenient towards the requirement in selecting franchisee or partners. But then also they have to do suitable power research on the background of the franchisee before choosing them. This is because they reflect the brand image of the company when they are operating under Gloria Jeanss name. Choosing the Right Partner From the problem regarding funding Mercy Ministry against anti-gay society, Gloria Jeans should discontinue the funding of it in order not to meddle with serious issues that could jeopardize the business.Instead, they should fund beneficial organizations such as Red lunate Society and World Wildlife Fund. This will also help promote Gloria Jeans name worldwide, as a form of consumer awareness 6. 0 REFERENCE ? http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Gloria_Jeans_Coffees ? http//www. gloriajeans. com. sg/our-drinks/ ? http//www. starbuc ks. com. my/ ? theentrepreneurshipjournal. wordpress. com/ /customer-retention-strategies ? www. slideshare. net/Spartanski/starbucks-case-analysis ? http//www. ukessays. com/essays/marketing/gloria-jean-coffee. php